战国七雄对外战略比较研究

发布时间：2018-04-13 08:55

本文选题：战国七雄 + 对外战略理念　；参考：《郑州大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：战国是我国历史上一个大变革大发展的时期。战国七雄是当时华夏体系内国家间互动的主要行为体,并构成了复杂的多极格局。从战国初年形成“七雄”争霸的政治格局到秦国完成“天下统一”的历史任务这两百余年的时间里,战国七雄或是为了救亡图存,或是为了兼并领土,展开了运用其所有对外战略资源来实现对外战略目标的活动。这段时期是诸侯国间互动最为激烈的时期,各国为了不在兼并战中失败,纷纷进行变法改革,富国强兵。这段时期也是诸侯国间外交与结盟活动最为频繁的时期,国家间的联盟变幻莫测。笔者首先阐述了战略、对外战略的内涵,同时论证了战国七雄构成的华夏体系内独特的“天下格局”态势,这种“天下格局”在总体上是齐、楚、燕、韩、赵、魏、秦七强形成的一种不太稳定的均势。这是本文研究的基础。在对外战略理念方面,秦国以事功主义为核心、以“统一天下”为导向的价值理念顺应了民心,符合了时代潮流。而山东六国中,齐、赵两国的地区扩张主义的战略理念,魏、韩从区域强国到依附强国的对外战略理念,楚国的防御性现实主义对外战略理念,燕国从孤立主义到有限扩张主义的对外战略理念,均因急功近利,追逐短期利益而失败。在对外战略资源方面,秦国以其地缘政治的优越、经济资源的充足、军事实力的强大、国内政治的清明而远远胜于山东六国。从对外战略资源的比较中透视出秦国的强大。在对外战略手段的运用方面,秦国在统一战争采取军事、联盟、外交等综合的对外战略手段,而山东六国的对外战略手段则较为单一,因此时常在互动中处于劣势。中国在改革开放后经济快速发展,和秦国在商鞅变法后的快速崛起有一定的相似性。然而,中国要通过和平崛起而非秦国的暴力崛起,中国的对外战略应做好以下几方面的工作：中国合理定位在国际体系中的身份；制定科学合理的对外战略理念与目标；国家政权更迭的情况下保证对外战略目标的连续性与稳定性；综合利用国内国际两大人才资源的战略；对外战略手段选择的多样化、科学化。
[Abstract]:The warring States period is a period of great change and great development in the history of our country.Qixiong was the main actor of inter-state interaction in the Huaxia system at that time, and constituted a complex multipolar pattern.During the more than 200 years since the formation of the "Seven Xiong" struggle for hegemony in the early years of the warring States period and the completion of the historical task of "unification of the world" by the State of Qin, the seven Xiong members of the warring States period have either sought to save the nation from subjugation or to annex territory.Launched the use of all its external strategic resources to achieve the external strategic objectives.This period is the period of the most intense interaction between the feudal states, countries in order not to lose in the annexation war, one after another to carry out reform reform, rich and powerful troops.This period was also the most frequent period of diplomatic and alliance activities between the states.First of all, the author expounds the connotation of strategy and foreign strategy, and at the same time demonstrates the unique situation of "world pattern" in the Chinese system composed of Seven Xiong during the warring States period. This "world pattern" is, on the whole, Qi, Chu, Yan, Han, Zhao, Wei,The seven-strong Qin formation of a less stable balance of power.This is the basis of this study.In the aspect of foreign strategic idea, Qin's value concept of "unifying the world" conforms to the popular sentiment and the trend of the times with the core of the doctrine of doing things as the core, and the value idea of "unifying the world" as the guide.The strategic concept of regional expansionism of Shandong's six countries, Qi and Zhao, the foreign strategic concept of Wei and Han from regional power to dependent power, the defensive realism foreign strategic idea of Chu,Yanguo's foreign strategic concept from isolationism to limited expansionism all failed because of the pursuit of short-term interests.In terms of foreign strategic resources, the Qin State is far superior to the six countries in Shandong because of its superiority in geopolitics, sufficient economic resources, strong military strength and strong domestic politics.From the comparison of foreign strategic resources, the Qin country is strong.In the use of foreign strategic means, Qin adopted military, alliance, diplomacy and other comprehensive foreign strategic means in the unification war, while the six countries in Shandong were relatively single in foreign strategic means, so they were often at a disadvantage in interaction.China's rapid economic development after reform and opening up is similar to Qin's rapid rise after Shang Yang's reform.However, if China wants to rise peacefully rather than Qin's violent rise, China's foreign strategy should do well in the following aspects: China's rational position in the international system, the formulation of scientific and reasonable foreign strategic concepts and objectives;Under the circumstances of the change of state power, the continuity and stability of the foreign strategic objectives are guaranteed; the strategy of synthetically utilizing the domestic and international talent resources; the diversification and scientific selection of the foreign strategic means.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K231

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