辽代契丹萨满教研究

发布时间：2018-04-14 09:04

  本文选题：辽代 + 契丹　； 参考：《吉林大学》2017年博士论文

【摘要】：本文是在前贤研究的基础上,对辽代契丹萨满教的性质、形态内容、特征及功能进行研究。在原始宗教的理论基础上,梳理国内外学界对萨满教性质、形态内容、特征、功能的研究成果,对辽代契丹萨满教的相关概念进行界定,考察古代北方草原游牧民族的萨满教传统信仰情况,分析《辽史》中与萨满教有关的内容,并对其进行形态内容上的划分,总结出辽代契丹萨满教的形态内容和特征,及其与其他草原民族的萨满教信仰传统之间的关系,分析出辽代契丹萨满教所具有的社会和政治功能以及对辽代契丹人的社会生活所产生的影响。本文共分为绪论、正文、结语三个部分,正文分为五章。按照行文顺序对本文的主要内容和论点概述如下。第一部分,绪论。梳理学术界的研究现状,总结目前研究中存在的不足,并阐述本论文的主要内容及研究思路,论文创新点及难点。第二部分,正文,共分五章。第一章,萨满教性质的界定。首先,梳理国内外对萨满教性质的界定,对辽代契丹萨满教的性质进行界定。辽代契丹萨满教具有原始宗教性质。其次,梳理国内外对萨满教形态、特征和功能的界定。萨满教基本形态内容有自然崇拜和祖先崇拜两种,辽代建国后的契丹萨满教形态内容是建国前契丹萨满教形态内容的承继和体现,形态内容中的崇拜对象因社会、经济等诸多因素的变化而发生一定变异。第二章,辽以前北方草原游牧民族萨满教信仰的传统形态内容与功能。对古代匈奴、乌桓、突厥族萨满教信仰的传统形态内容及功能进行考察,各民族萨满教信仰的传统形态内容和功能有同有异,原因与各民族间的交错复杂关系、社会经济方式、所处社会形态及与中原汉族的关系等因素有关。第三章,辽代契丹萨满教的形态内容及特征。认为契丹萨满教的传统形态内容是以自然崇拜和祖先崇拜为基本形态。首先从天地崇拜、日月崇拜、山崇拜和动物崇拜四个方面分析阐述了契丹萨满教自然崇拜的主要形态内容及特征。其次从拜祖陵、祖庙和拜金像、赤娘子像、八子像两方面,论述了契丹萨满教祖先崇拜形态内容及特征。认为辽代契丹萨满-巫师在契丹社会地位较高,起到人神沟通的中介作用,主持契丹萨满教的祭祀仪式,参与契丹人的政治、军事、社会生活等活动。第四章,辽代契丹萨满教的功能。辽代契丹萨满教是契丹人史前社会萨满教传统在辽代社会的遗存,原始的自然崇拜和祖先崇拜的形态部分在辽代社会生活和政治生活中都有承继和体现,对辽代契丹人社会生活的方方面面发生着重要影响。其中较为典型的方面是辽代政治理论观念中具有“君权神授、天赋王权”观及“替天行道”思想。第五章,辽代契丹萨满教变迁衰落的原因分析。契丹人萨满教,从始至终伴随着契丹社会经济生活的变迁,而演绎着内在形态内容上的变异和外在宗教形式上的兴衰,萨满教在辽代的衰落成为历史必然,其原因,一是由于辽代契丹的经济社会生活的变迁导致的意识形态观念的变化。二是萨满教与中央集权政治的冲突,不利于巩固契丹皇权统治。三是由于他族文化及佛教观念等对辽代契丹萨满教带来的冲击所致。契丹萨满教的产生、发展和衰落一直随着辽代契丹人社会经济生活的变迁而进行。第三部分,结语。在全文研究的基础上总结了辽代契丹萨满教的性质、形态内容、特征及功能。基本形态内容随着辽代社会经济生活等因素的变化而变异,与其他北方草原民族传统萨满教相比,具有契丹人特色。
[Abstract]:This paper is based on the previous studies, the nature of Shamanism, the Khitan form of content, features and functions. On the basis of theory of primitive religion, combing the domestic and foreign scholars on the nature of Shamanism, morphological characteristics, research content, function, defining the relevant concepts of the Khitan Shamanism, on the ancient the nomads of northern grassland traditional belief in Shamanism, Shamanism and Analysis on the content of < > Liaoshi, and divide the shape on the contents of the form, summed up the contents of the Khitan Shamanism and characteristics, and its relationship with other national grasslands of Shamanism in the traditional analysis of the Khitan shamanism has the social and political function and influence of the Khitan people's social life. This paper is divided into three parts introduction, text, conclusion, the text is divided into five chapters according to. The order of the main content of this paper and points are summarized as follows. The first part, introduction. Carding the research situation in academic circles, the paper summed up the problems in the current research, and discuss the main content of this paper and the research and innovation of this paper and the difficulties. The second part, the text is divided into five chapters. The first chapter, the definition of the nature of Shamanism. Firstly, the definition of the nature of Shamanism at home and abroad, the definition of the nature of the Khitan Shamanism. The Khitan Shamanism with primitive religious nature. Secondly, summarizes the research on the morphology and function of Shamanism, the definition of features. The basic form of Shamanism is nature worship and ancestor worship two, Khitan ofshamanism content after the founding of the Liao Dynasty is to inherit and embody the Khitan ofshamanism before the founding of the content, form in the content of the object of worship because of social change, economic factors and the occurrence of certain Variation. The second chapter is the traditional form of content and function of Liaoning before the northern nomadic Shamanism. The ancient Xiongnu, Wuhuan, inspect the content and function of the traditional form of Turkic Shamanism in the traditional form, content and function of each nation of Shamanism belief is different, the complicated relationship between the nation and the reasons that way of social economy, the society and the relationship between the Han nationality and other factors. The third chapter form the content and features of the Khitan Shamanism. According to the traditional form of Shamanism is the natural content of the worship and ancestor worship as the basic form. From the first world worship, sun worship, animal worship and worship for mountain four the analysis describes the main contents and characteristics of morphology of Qidan nature worship. Secondly from Shamanism worship ancestral temple worship, and like the red lady, like eight, like two aspects, discusses the contract The content and form of ancestor worship Dan Shamanism features. Think of the Khitan Shaman - Wizard in the social status is higher, to play an intermediary role in communicating with gods, presided over the ceremony of Qidan Shamanism, participate in the Khitan people's political, military, social life and other activities. In the fourth chapter, Liao Khitan generation Shamanism of the Khitan Shamanism is a function. The prehistoric society in the traditional Shamanism society remains, inherits and embody all form part of the original nature worship and ancestor worship in the social life and political life, the Khitan people on all aspects of social life have an important impact. The typical aspect is the "divine political theory of Liao Dynasty the concept of talent," and "justice" concept of kingship thought. In the fifth chapter, analysis of reasons for the decline of the Khitan Shamanism change. Khitan Shamanism, from the beginning to The final accompanied by changes in social and economic life, and the interpretation of the variation of intrinsic shape on the content of the rise and fall of external religious form, Shamanism in the decline is inevitable, the reason is due to a change of ideology concept leads to the change of the Khitan economic and social life. The two is the conflict between Shamanism and the central centralized politics, not conducive to the consolidation of the imperial power. The three is due to the impact caused by his family culture and Buddhism concept of the Khitan Shamanism. Qidan Shamanism, development and decline along with the changes in social and economic life of the people of the Liao Qi Dan. The third part is conclusion. Based on the research summary the nature of the Khitan Shamanism form content, characteristic and function. The basic form of content with the change of social and economic life of the Liao Dynasty and other factors and variations, and other North Compared to the traditional Shamanism of the prairie nationality, it has the characteristics of the Khitan people.

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K246.1;B933
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本文编号：1748608