简析春秋战国时期的商人

发布时间：2018-04-19 17:14

本文选题：春秋战国 + 官商　；参考：《兰州大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国的商人出现很早,有商、贾、商贾等称谓,不同的名称揭示了商人不同的经营方式。西周时,在“工商食官”制的约束下,官商并不像现在所说的亦官亦商,他们也处在官府的控制之下,主要是满足官府的生活需要,充当官府的采购员,有时参与一些政治和外交事务。春秋时期私商作为一个独立的阶层开始兴起,商人的社会地位明显提高,开始参军参政,涌现出诸如范蠡、子贡这样的杰出人物,在这一时期的社会发展中起了重要的作用。战国时期各国的联系日益密切,私商的分布地域更加广阔,商人势力的迅速增长影响到各国的发展,东方六国基本采取了比较宽松的商业政策,秦国则把商人看作一种流动的社会力量,认为任其发展就会破坏农业生产,导致国家灭亡,于是采取了重农抑商的政策。春秋战国时期是中国古代社会的重要转型期,商人在这一过程中起了重要作用。因此,探讨春秋战国时期商人地位的变化,对揭示春秋时期“重礼义”战国时代“尚功利”的社会特征具有重要的意义。
[Abstract]:Merchants in our country appeared very early, such as merchants, Jia, merchants and so on. Different names revealed different ways of business operation.In the Western Zhou Dynasty, under the restraint of the "Industrial and Commercial officials" system, the government and merchants were not under the control of the government, as they are now called, and they were mainly under the control of the government, mainly to meet the needs of the government and to act as purchasers for the government.Sometimes involved in political and foreign affairs.During the Spring and Autumn period, private merchants, as an independent stratum, began to rise, and their social status improved obviously. They began to join the army and participate in politics, and such outstanding figures as Fan Li and Zigong emerged, which played an important role in the social development of this period.During the warring States period, the relationship between various countries became increasingly close, the distribution of private business was wider, and the rapid growth of the power of businessmen affected the development of various countries. The six countries of the East basically adopted relatively loose commercial policies.Qin regarded merchants as a floating social force, thought that its development would destroy agricultural production and lead to the national destruction, so it adopted the policy of emphasizing agriculture and suppressing commerce.The Spring and Autumn and warring States period was an important transition period of ancient Chinese society, in which merchants played an important role.Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the changes of merchant status in the Spring and Autumn period and warring States period, to reveal the social characteristics of "still utilitarian" in the Spring and Autumn period "emphasizing propriety and righteousness" and "still utilitarian" in the warring States period.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K225;K231

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