中国蓄妾习俗反映的士大夫矛盾心态

发布时间：2018-05-09 00:43

本文选题：蓄妾 + 士大夫　；参考：《河南大学学报(社会科学版)》2010年04期

【摘要】：在儒家看来,无论男女,纵欲都是罪过,对所谓"义夫"的尊崇,正说明士大夫阶层的正统观念。而夫权制必须保证男性单方面的性权利,蓄妾制便成为调和这一矛盾的妥协之举。妻妾共居使家庭矛盾重重,为解决这一矛盾,理学家述齐家之方,必首列严妻妾、分嫡庶一条,即以规定妾的奴才地位来换取妻及妻族的承认。士大夫一方面指责妇女的妒忌,将主动为丈夫纳妾的贤妻作为榜样,对妇女进行说教,但如果妻与妻族绝对不能容忍,丈夫仍有所顾忌,诉诸公堂时多以调解结案,也并未认定纳妾是理所当然的;另一方面往往扶妾抑妻,在事实上削弱妻的势力。家法族规中常见针对所谓"悍妒"之妻的条规,以为纳妾之男子撑腰,有的宗族甚至为纳妾提供物质资助。诸子平分的继承法使生子后的妾取得一定的经济地位,若妾生子为官更母以子贵,或因封赠在家族中获得尊崇,如其亲生后代繁盛,甚至会混淆妻妾的称呼。至清晚期,"宠妾虐妻"现象已引起宗族的不安。
[Abstract]:In Confucian view, both men and women, indulgence is a sin, the so-called "Yifu" respect, is the official class of orthodoxy. But the husband power system must guarantee the male unilateral sexual right, the concubinage system becomes the compromise which reconciles this contradiction. In order to solve this contradiction, the family of wives and concubines living together must first set out strict wives and concubines, that is, the recognition of wives and their families in exchange for the slave status of concubines. On the one hand, the literati officials accused women of jealousy and took the initiative as an example for the wives of their husbands to take concubines and preach to the women. However, if the wives and their families were absolutely not tolerated, the husband still had some scruples, and when he went to court, he tried to settle the case by mediation. Concubinage is not taken for granted; on the other hand, it tends to weaken the power of wives. Laws and regulations are common in the so-called "jealous" wife rules, for concubinage men support, some clans even provide material support for concubinage. The inheritance law of the equal division of the various sons made the concubinage after giving birth to a certain economic status. If the concubine gave birth to a son as an official, she would be respected in the family, such as the prosperity of his biological offspring and even the confusion of the title of wife and concubine. In the late Qing Dynasty, the phenomenon of mistreatment of wives by concubines caused unease among clans.
【作者单位】：上海师范大学古籍整理研究所;
【基金】：上海市教委重点科研项目“中国蓄妾习俗与有关法规之变迁”(07ZS82)阶段性成果;上海市教委重点学科“中国古代史”资助项目(J50405)阶段性成果
【分类号】：K203

【共引文献】