东汉前期忠君观念与士风研究新探

发布时间：2018-06-26 17:16

本文选题：东汉前期 + 忠君观念　；参考：《河北师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：学界一般将士风限定在士人的行为和思潮领域,本文将观念引入到士风的研究领域。观念具有普遍性,并且能够潜在支配着行为风气和思维风气。忠君观念是影响士人价值取向和精神风貌的重要因素之一。本文通过追述西汉忠君观念与两汉之际士风,考察士人的忠君观念及忠君行为,探察东汉前期忠君观念与士风的特点。学者通常用谨固自守、保身怀方、去就之节等词语,来表述东汉前期的士风。其实,东汉前期有些士人谨慎事君,仍以谏诤的方式,对君臣关系、君主德行提出建议;部分士人在皇权威压下,以敬顺、迎合方式事君,彰显其忠心;也有士人不计生死,采用直言进谏的方式表现出忠君。东汉前期士风呈现出三大特点:谨慎敢言之风、自我约束之风、刚毅之风。东汉前期的刚毅之风是东汉中后期Z^直之风源头所在。同东汉中后期士人忠君爱国、流血牺牲的精神相比,东汉前期士人忠君观念中带有理性精神以及以道正君的治世情怀,因此用谨固自守等类词语来概括东汉前期的士风并不准确。两汉之际士人的忠君观念与行为表现出充满矛盾的色彩,士风也呈现不事二姓和追求功名利禄的矛盾色彩。从两汉之际和东汉前期士人忠君观念强弱与士风的变化趋势来看,忠君观念与士风之间的互动,呈现亦步亦趋的特点,忠君观念越薄弱,士风中的自保色彩越强烈,忠君观念越浓厚,士风中刚直色彩越强盛。本文将观念引入士风研究,企望开辟士风研究的新视角,以便深化士风的研究。
[Abstract]:The general style of scholars is limited to the behavior and ideological trend of scholars, and this paper introduces the concept into the research field of intellectual style. Ideas are universal and can potentially dominate behavior and thinking. The idea of loyal monarch is one of the important factors that influence the value orientation and spiritual style of scholars. By tracing the idea of loyalty to monarch in the Western Han Dynasty and the style of scholars in the Han Dynasty, this paper investigates the idea and behavior of the scholars, and explores the characteristics of the concept and style of loyalty to the monarch in the early period of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Scholars usually express the early Eastern Han Dynasty taxi style by using words such as self-defense, preserving one's own mind and protecting one's heart and mind, and other words to describe the early Eastern Han Dynasty taxi style. In fact, in the early Eastern Han Dynasty, some scholars were cautious about their monarchs, and still put forward suggestions on the relationship between monarchs and subjects and the conduct of the monarch by the way of admonition; some of the scholars, under the influence of the imperial power, acted with respect and obedience to the way of serving the monarch, showing their loyalty; and some scholars did not consider life and death. To show loyalty to the monarch in the manner of direct admonition. In the early Eastern Han Dynasty, the style of scholars showed three characteristics: the wind of prudence, the wind of self-restraint, and the wind of fortitude. The wind of fortitude in the early period of the Eastern Han Dynasty was the source of the wind in the middle and late period of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Compared with the spirit of loyalty and sacrifice of blood and patriotism in the middle and late Eastern Han Dynasty, the idea of loyalty of the scholars in the early Eastern Han Dynasty had the spirit of reason and the feelings of governing the world with the ruler of Tao Zhengjun. Therefore, it is not accurate to generalize taxi wind in the early Eastern Han Dynasty by using such words as self-defense. In the Han Dynasty, the scholars' concept and behavior of loyalty to the monarch were full of contradictory colors, and the style of scholars also showed the contradictory color of "no matter two surname" and the pursuit of fame and fortune. Judging from the changing trend of the concept of loyalty to the monarch and the style of scholars during the Han Dynasty and the early Eastern Han Dynasty, the interaction between the concept of loyalty to the monarch and the style of the scholar shows the characteristic of following the same steps. The weaker the concept of loyalty to the emperor is, the stronger the color of self-preservation in the style of scholar is. The stronger the concept of loyalty, the stronger the straight color in the style of scholars. This paper introduces ideas into the study of intellectual style, hoping to open up a new angle of view to deepen the study of intellectual style.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K234.2

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