清代锦州皇庄研究

发布时间：2018-07-08 14:15

本文选题：清代 + 锦州　；参考：《渤海大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：有清一代,清朝统治者在东北广设皇庄。锦州皇庄是清代东北皇庄的重要组成部分,源于入关之前的拖克索,由锦州庄粮衙门直接管理,庄园的主要劳动者是庄头和壮丁。锦州皇庄的设置时间,由于载籍不详,尚无定谳,文章的第一部分对锦州皇庄的设置时间进行考索。锦州皇庄设置以来发展迅速,鼎盛时期可达300余庄。皇庄的土地来源主要有官拨圈荒、余地设庄、投充土地设庄、入官地亩设庄等途径。山海关外皇庄的土地面积较大,各庄头地亩坐落均不止一处。锦州皇庄中往往一庄之地也非处于一隅,时常是零星散布在几个州县。皇庄土地分布的零散性,决定了皇庄土地经营的分散性特点。康熙八年(1669)设立锦州庄粮衙门,负责编审户口,督征各项物品。粮庄、牧场等庄园虽由锦州庄粮衙门直接管理,但是庄头的任命、壮丁的调动、征收实物的数量等事宜,必须上报北京总管内务府,并由总管内务府决定。为了更加严密地控制庄头和壮丁,便于内务府管理,清朝统治者采取一系列举措,如编造庄头家谱、限制婚姻自由、惩治逃丁等。文章的第二部分从皇庄的管理体制、皇庄的多元经营两方面对锦州皇庄的管理与运营进行全面探讨。清末由于政治腐败,列强入侵,国内动荡不安,皇庄体系亦遭到严重破坏,旧有的剥削制度难以为继。内忧外患之下,光绪三十一年开始丈放锦州皇庄,至宣统元年丈放完毕。文章的第三部分从皇庄丈放的原因、过程以及皇庄丈放过程中的国家与社会三方面对锦州皇庄丈放的社会经济史意涵进行分析。
[Abstract]:There was a Qing Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty rulers in the northeast of the establishment of a wide Zhuang. Jinzhou Huangzhuang is an important part of Northeast Huangzhuang in the Qing Dynasty. It originated from the Tuokeso before entering the customs and was directly managed by the grain yamen of Jinzhou Zhuang. The main laborer of the manor was Zhuang Tou and Zhuang Ding. The setting time of Jinzhou Huangzhuang is unknown and there is no decision yet. The first part of the article makes a textual research on the setting time of Jinzhou Huangzhuang. Jinzhou Huangzhuang since the establishment of rapid development, the heyday can reach more than 300 Zhuang. The land source of Huangzhuang mainly has the official allocation circle wasteland, the leeway to set up the village, to cast the land to set up the village, to enter the official land mu to set up the village and so on way and so on. Shanhaiguan outside Huangzhuang larger land area, the first acres of each Zhuang are located in more than one place. Jinzhou Huangzhuang often in a village is not in a corner, often scattered in several states and counties. The scattered distribution of land in Huangzhuang determines the decentralized characteristics of land management in Huangzhuang. Kangxi eight years (1669) set up Jinzhou Zhuang grain Yamen, responsible for the compilation of accounts, the collection of articles. Although the manors such as grain farms and pastures are directly managed by the grain yamen of Jinzhou Zhuang, the appointment of Zhuang Tou, the mobilization of strong men, and the collection of the amount of material objects must be reported to the General Administration of Internal Affairs of Beijing and decided by the General Administration of Internal Affairs. In order to control Zhuang Tou and Zhuang Ding more closely and make it easier to manage the house government, the Qing Dynasty rulers took a series of measures, such as fabricating the family tree of Zhuang Tou, restricting the freedom of marriage, punishing the fleeing of the family, and so on. The second part discusses the management and operation of Jinzhou Huangzhuang from two aspects: the management system of Huangzhuang and the diversified management of Huangzhuang. At the end of Qing Dynasty, because of political corruption, invasion of foreign powers, domestic unrest and serious destruction of the imperial system, the old system of exploitation could not be sustained. Under internal and external troubles, Guang Xu began to release Jinzhou Huangzhuang in 31 years, to Xuantong the first year. The third part of the article analyzes the social and economic significance of Jinzhou Huangzhuang from three aspects: the reason, the process and the state and society.
【学位授予单位】：渤海大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K249

【参考文献】