两晋南朝南蛮校尉研究

发布时间：2018-08-07 15:02

【摘要】：西汉以来,中央设置领护校尉管理北方边地少数民族事务。西晋时领护校尉制度推广到南方少数民族地区,首次在荆州增设南蛮校尉掌管荆楚蛮族事务。东晋以来,荆州成为足与中央抗衡的上游军事重镇,南蛮校尉例与荆州刺史兼任,使南蛮校尉成为隶属荆州的重要军事力量,被赋予了各种伐蛮治蛮以外的新职能。而参与纵贯东晋南朝的荆扬之争,也是这一时期南蛮校尉的主要活动,对其间政局的发展产生了一定作用。本文以文献记载为基础,利用历史学、统计学等学科方法,从职官渊源、建置沿革、职能、人事制度等方面对两晋南朝南蛮校尉进行系统研究。第一章考察汉代领护校尉官的由来及其在魏晋之际由中央职官演变为地方职官并逐渐发展为州刺史的固定兼职的历程。第二章考察两晋南朝南蛮校尉的建置沿革。泰始九年(273)晋武帝始设南蛮校尉,孝建元年(454)刘宋废罢南蛮校尉,后经齐、梁数次旋置旋罢,南蛮校尉最终消亡。通过对历次置废原因的分析可知,两晋南朝南蛮校尉的置废不再像两汉领护校尉官一样仅与少数民族势力的消长有关,更受到地方政治形势和中央政策的深刻影响。第三章考察南蛮校尉的职掌及府僚组织。镇抚与征伐蛮族是南蛮校尉的基本职掌。此外,作为荆州重要军事力量的南蛮校尉还有参与平定荆州地方叛乱、对北军事防御和北伐等职掌。刘宋南蛮校尉出现新职能,即兼任军府长史辅助宗王出镇荆州。南蛮校尉开府并设置长史、司马、参军、功曹、主簿等府僚。本章还将考察南蛮府僚佐的选任、出身、迁转和政治行为等问题。第四章考察南蛮校尉的人事制度,包括南蛮校尉担任者的出身阶层、职官迁转及兼任情况。两晋南朝出任南蛮校尉者多为士族,且士族出身者呈递减趋势,反映了两晋南朝门阀政治由盛而衰的大势。州剌史和郡太守是两晋南朝南蛮校尉的主要迁入官和迁出官。在兼任官方面,两晋南蛮校尉例与荆州刺史兼任。但也偶有分别任职的情况,此时南蛮校尉的兼职多为南郡太守。刘宋南蛮校尉与荆州刺史分任的情况增多,其兼职主要是荆州军府长史。第五章考察南蛮校尉与两晋南朝政治的关系。西晋时南蛮校尉在晋吴对峙、伐吴之战和平吴后对南方少数民族的治理上发挥了重要作用。两晋之际南蛮校尉在荆州刺史的指挥下平定荆州流民叛乱,与东晋建国道路和立国形势关系甚大。东晋历次荆扬之争和荆州刺史主导的北伐行动,南蛮校尉皆参与其中,影响东晋政局的发展。刘宋南蛮校尉辅佐宗王出镇荆州,以“行事”身份执掌军府大权,直接控制荆州地方政治。
[Abstract]:Since the Western Han Dynasty, the Central Committee set up a guard officer to manage the affairs of ethnic minorities in the northern border areas. In the Western Jin Dynasty, the system of captain was extended to the minority areas in the south, and it was the first time to establish a lieutenant in Jingzhou to take charge of the barbarian affairs of Jingchu. Since the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Jingzhou has become an important military town where the central government competes with each other, and the Wei of Nan Man School has served concurrently with the history of the thorns of Jingzhou, which makes the Wei of the Southern Man School an important military force attached to Jingzhou, and has been endowed with various new functions beyond the savage. Participating in the dispute of Jingyang in the Eastern Jin and Southern dynasties was also the main activity of this period, which played a certain role in the development of the political situation. On the basis of literature records, this paper makes a systematic study on the officers' origin, establishment and evolution, functions, personnel system and so on, using the methods of history, statistics and other disciplines. The first chapter examines the origin of the Han Dynasty warden and the evolution from the central official to the local official in the Wei and Jin dynasties and gradually developed into the history of state thorn fixed part-time process. The second chapter examines the history of the establishment of the Southern Wei of the Jin Dynasty and the Southern Dynasty. The first nine years of Thailand (273) Jin Wu Emperor set up the first year of filial piety (454) Liu Song abolished the first year, after Qi, Liang spin several times, the end of the South Man School Lieutenant. Through the analysis of the reasons for the abolition, it can be seen that the abolition of Wei in the Southern Jin Dynasty is no longer related only to the growth and decline of minority forces, but also to the profound influence of the local political situation and the central policy. The third chapter examines the rank of Wei and the staff organization of Nanman School. The town governor and the collection of barbarians are the basic duties of the captain of the Nanman School. In addition, as an important military force in Jingzhou, Nanman School Lieutenant also participated in the local rebellion in Jingzhou, and took charge of the northern military defense and the Northern Expedition. Liu Song Nan Man Wei appeared a new function, that is to serve as the military governor of the history of the emperor out of Jingzhou town. Nanman Wei opened the government and set up Changshi, Sima, join the army, Gong Cao, the main book and other government staff. This chapter will also examine the selection, birth, transfer and political behavior of Nanman officials. The fourth chapter examines the personnel system of Ensign of Nanmen School, including the background, transfer and concurrent appointment of officers. The two Jin and the Southern dynasties were mostly of the literati, and their origin tended to decrease, which reflected the trend of the prosperity and decline of the patriarchal politics in the two Jin and Southern dynasties. The county and county are the main immigration officers and emigrants officers of the Southern Jin Dynasty and the Southern Dynasty. In the aspect of concurrently serving as official, the two Jin Dynasty Southern Man School Ensign and Jingzhou thorn history concurrently. But there are occasionally different positions, at this time the second-time Nanguo Ensign for the South County Tai-Shou. Liu Song Nan Man Wei and Jingzhou thorn history increased, its part-time mainly Jingzhou military long history. The fifth chapter examines the relationship between the Wei of Nan Man School and the politics of the two Jin and Southern dynasties. In the Western Jin Dynasty, the Wei of Nanman School played an important role in the confrontation between Jin and Wu, the Battle of Vat and Wu, and the governance of the southern minorities by the emperors of the Wu Dynasty. At the time of the Jin Dynasty, under the command of the history of the thorns in Jingzhou, the Wei of Nanman School calmed down the insurrection of the displaced people in Jingzhou, which had a great relationship with the road of founding the people and the situation of establishing the country. In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the conflicts of Jingyang and the Northern Expedition led by the history of Jingzhou were all involved, which affected the development of the political situation of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Liu Song Nan Man Wei assisted King Zongzong out of Jingzhou, to "act" as the military power, direct control of Jingzhou local politics.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K235

【参考文献】