乾隆朝中亚政策研究
发布时间：2018-08-09 20:16
【摘要】：本文尽可能占有史料的基础上，借鉴、吸收学术界在这一领域的相关研究成果，结合马克思历史唯物主义的原理和方法，以及中外史学界常用的历史比较研究法，通过对历史细节的考察和对具体政策的解读，比较系统第地论述了乾隆朝时期清政府与帕米尔高原以西的中亚”伊斯兰世界”的交往，力争做到全面、客观地把握其整体脉络，反映其历史演变过程，并得出适当的结论，给予客观评价。本文共包括导论及六大章节，其中导论主要涉及本课题的选题缘由、研究范围及研究方法、学术史回顾以及所应用的研究资料。第一章节主要回顾历代中原王朝与”伊斯兰世界”的交往历史，以及清朝统一回疆时的中亚态势；第二章节主要阐述清朝如何将中原王朝的宗藩体系延伸到中亚；第三章主要通过清朝与浩罕、巴达克山等国交往中的具体案例阐述在将中亚”伊斯兰世界”纳入到中原王朝的宗藩体系中时所产生的冲突和问题，并讨论清朝中亚政策最主要的中心议题：和卓后裔问题。这一问题在乾隆朝时即开始发酵，终于到十九世纪二三十年代时陷入了难以收拾的地步，并重创了清政府在回疆的统治。第四章主要通过对史料的解读，阐述清政府在与中亚国家的交往中所遇到的“礼仪”问题，以及其前因后果；第五章则是通过考察其实际效果，，对乾隆朝中亚政策的指导思想与实践手段进行反思。笔者尽量力求客观公正，得失兼顾，即不以现代的眼光投射到十八世纪的中国与中亚，从而不切实际地指责清朝统治者的错误，贬低其努力和成就，同时又要客观地看待清朝所坚持的，虽然经过小修小补，但仍与历代中原王朝相去不远的宗藩体系在当时已经无法满足与中亚”伊斯兰世界”交往的需求；以及近代化的潮流已经得到显现，并极大改变了清朝所处的环境，深刻影响了其与中亚”伊斯兰世界”的关系这一现实。
[Abstract]:On the basis of historical data, this paper draws on the relevant research achievements of academic circles in this field, combines the principles and methods of Marx's historical materialism, as well as the historical comparative research methods commonly used in Chinese and foreign historiography circles. Through the investigation of historical details and the interpretation of specific policies, this paper systematically and systematically discusses the exchanges between the Qing government and the "Islamic world" in Central Asia west of the Pamir Plateau during the Qianlong Dynasty, in order to comprehensively and objectively grasp its overall context. Reflects its historical evolution process, and draws the appropriate conclusion, gives the objective appraisal. This paper includes introduction and six chapters, among which the introduction mainly involves the reason, research scope and research methods, academic history review and applied research materials. The first chapter mainly reviews the history of the exchanges between the Central Plains dynasties and the "Islamic World" in the past dynasties and the situation of Central Asia when the Qing Dynasty unified back to Xinjiang, the second chapter mainly expounds how the Qing Dynasty extended the Suzerain-vassal system of the Central Plains Dynasty to Central Asia. The third chapter mainly through the Qing Dynasty and Haohan, Badak mountain and other countries in the specific cases of exchanges in the Central Asian "Islamic world" into the Central Plains dynasty of the Suzerain-vassal system of conflicts and problems. It also discusses the central issue of the Central Asian policy of the Qing Dynasty: the issue of the descendants of Hezhuo. The problem began to ferment during the Qianlong Dynasty, and finally reached the point of irremediation in the 1820s and 1930s, and severely damaged the Qing government's rule in Huijiang. The fourth chapter mainly through the historical data interpretation, elaborated the Qing government in the contact with the Central Asian country "the etiquette" question, as well as its causes and consequences; the fifth chapter is through the inspection its actual effect. Rethinking the guiding ideology and practical means of the Central Asia policy of Qianlong Dynasty. I try my best to be objective and just, that is, not to project modern vision into China and Central Asia in the 18th century, thus impractical to accuse the rulers of the Qing Dynasty of their mistakes and to belittle their efforts and achievements. At the same time, it is necessary to treat objectively the suzerain-vassal system which the Qing Dynasty insisted on, although it was repaired and supplemented, but it was unable to meet the need of communicating with the "Islamic world" in Central Asia at that time, even though it was not far away from the dynasties of the Central Plains. And the trend of modernization has been shown, and greatly changed the environment of the Qing Dynasty, deeply affected its relationship with the "Islamic world" in Central Asia this reality.
【学位授予单位】：中国社会科学院研究生院
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K249.3;K36
本文编号：2175196
[Abstract]:On the basis of historical data, this paper draws on the relevant research achievements of academic circles in this field, combines the principles and methods of Marx's historical materialism, as well as the historical comparative research methods commonly used in Chinese and foreign historiography circles. Through the investigation of historical details and the interpretation of specific policies, this paper systematically and systematically discusses the exchanges between the Qing government and the "Islamic world" in Central Asia west of the Pamir Plateau during the Qianlong Dynasty, in order to comprehensively and objectively grasp its overall context. Reflects its historical evolution process, and draws the appropriate conclusion, gives the objective appraisal. This paper includes introduction and six chapters, among which the introduction mainly involves the reason, research scope and research methods, academic history review and applied research materials. The first chapter mainly reviews the history of the exchanges between the Central Plains dynasties and the "Islamic World" in the past dynasties and the situation of Central Asia when the Qing Dynasty unified back to Xinjiang, the second chapter mainly expounds how the Qing Dynasty extended the Suzerain-vassal system of the Central Plains Dynasty to Central Asia. The third chapter mainly through the Qing Dynasty and Haohan, Badak mountain and other countries in the specific cases of exchanges in the Central Asian "Islamic world" into the Central Plains dynasty of the Suzerain-vassal system of conflicts and problems. It also discusses the central issue of the Central Asian policy of the Qing Dynasty: the issue of the descendants of Hezhuo. The problem began to ferment during the Qianlong Dynasty, and finally reached the point of irremediation in the 1820s and 1930s, and severely damaged the Qing government's rule in Huijiang. The fourth chapter mainly through the historical data interpretation, elaborated the Qing government in the contact with the Central Asian country "the etiquette" question, as well as its causes and consequences; the fifth chapter is through the inspection its actual effect. Rethinking the guiding ideology and practical means of the Central Asia policy of Qianlong Dynasty. I try my best to be objective and just, that is, not to project modern vision into China and Central Asia in the 18th century, thus impractical to accuse the rulers of the Qing Dynasty of their mistakes and to belittle their efforts and achievements. At the same time, it is necessary to treat objectively the suzerain-vassal system which the Qing Dynasty insisted on, although it was repaired and supplemented, but it was unable to meet the need of communicating with the "Islamic world" in Central Asia at that time, even though it was not far away from the dynasties of the Central Plains. And the trend of modernization has been shown, and greatly changed the environment of the Qing Dynasty, deeply affected its relationship with the "Islamic world" in Central Asia this reality.
【学位授予单位】：中国社会科学院研究生院
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K249.3;K36
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本文编号：2175196
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