明代谣谚的舆论诉求与政府应对
发布时间：2018-08-28 08:23
【摘要】：明代社会舆论空前高涨,民众的主体意识逐渐觉醒,他们通过制造和传播谣谚申诉意愿,参与政治,表现出鲜明的群体性、张大性、迷惑性、现实性、地域性、工具性等时代特点。明代谣谚的生成传播,一定程度上促进了国家与社会、官方与民间的多元互动。民众或借助颂谣、怨谣、谶谣以歌功颂德、针砭时政、臧否人物、弘扬风尚,或对国家命运、事件情势作出预测;官府则通过各类谣谚以洞察舆情,济安黎民,整饬风化,匡正时弊,谣谚由此发挥了社会评价、道德评判、舆论监督、营造风气等重要功用。但某些谣谚在传播过程中,言辞偏激,蛊惑人心,诬罔视听,甚而成为政治斗争的工具和引发社会动乱的祸源。在此情况下,明廷往往综合运用政治、法律、思想等手段,软硬兼施,惩防并用,以优化舆论生态,维持社会秩序,巩固王权统治。
[Abstract]:In the Ming Dynasty, public opinion was unprecedented and the people's subjective consciousness was gradually awakened. By creating and disseminating ballad and proverbs' will to appeal and participate in politics, they displayed a distinct mass, openness, confusion, reality, and regionalism. Instrumental and other characteristics of the times. The generation and spread of ballads and proverbs in Ming Dynasty, to some extent, promoted the pluralistic interaction between state and society, government and folk. The public may resort to ballads, grudges, prophecies to sing praises of virtue, to criticize current politics, to carry forward the customs of the people, or to predict the fate of the country or the situation of events. The government officials, on the other hand, use various ballad proverbs to gain insight into public opinion, and to make peace with the people and correct their manners. The ballad and proverb play an important role in social evaluation, moral evaluation, supervision of public opinion, creation of ethos and so on. But in the process of spreading some ballads and proverbs, the words are extreme, demagoguery, falsely false, even become the tool of political struggle and the source of social unrest. In this case, the Ming court often comprehensively used political, legal, ideological and other means, both hard and soft, punishment and prevention, in order to optimize public opinion ecology, maintain social order, and consolidate Wang Quan rule.
【作者单位】： 河南大学历史文化学院;河南大学黄河文明协同创新中心;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目“明代社会舆论与政治秩序研究”(11CZS017)阶段性成果 河南高校哲学社科优秀学者河南省高校科技创新人才支持计划“明代社会舆论史”(2014)阶段性成果
【分类号】：K248
，
本文编号：2208831
[Abstract]:In the Ming Dynasty, public opinion was unprecedented and the people's subjective consciousness was gradually awakened. By creating and disseminating ballad and proverbs' will to appeal and participate in politics, they displayed a distinct mass, openness, confusion, reality, and regionalism. Instrumental and other characteristics of the times. The generation and spread of ballads and proverbs in Ming Dynasty, to some extent, promoted the pluralistic interaction between state and society, government and folk. The public may resort to ballads, grudges, prophecies to sing praises of virtue, to criticize current politics, to carry forward the customs of the people, or to predict the fate of the country or the situation of events. The government officials, on the other hand, use various ballad proverbs to gain insight into public opinion, and to make peace with the people and correct their manners. The ballad and proverb play an important role in social evaluation, moral evaluation, supervision of public opinion, creation of ethos and so on. But in the process of spreading some ballads and proverbs, the words are extreme, demagoguery, falsely false, even become the tool of political struggle and the source of social unrest. In this case, the Ming court often comprehensively used political, legal, ideological and other means, both hard and soft, punishment and prevention, in order to optimize public opinion ecology, maintain social order, and consolidate Wang Quan rule.
【作者单位】： 河南大学历史文化学院;河南大学黄河文明协同创新中心;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目“明代社会舆论与政治秩序研究”(11CZS017)阶段性成果 河南高校哲学社科优秀学者河南省高校科技创新人才支持计划“明代社会舆论史”(2014)阶段性成果
【分类号】：K248
，
本文编号：2208831
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