论辽帝国对漠北蒙古的经略及其对草原丝绸之路的影响

发布时间：2018-09-11 14:17

【摘要】：9世纪中叶,室韦—鞑靼部落在漠北崛起,并控制了克鲁伦河流域和漠北草原。然而,随着辽帝国的崛起和耶律阿保机对漠北蒙古高原的征伐,从辽上京到漠北蒙古高原乃至西域均为契丹控制。为了控制传统的从漠北蒙古到西域乃至草原的丝绸之路,辽朝首先通过武力征服控制了漠北蒙古,并在此设立了西北路招讨司以加强控制。其次,辽朝修筑了河董城、静边城、皮被河城、镇州、维州、防州、招州、塔懒主城。再次,辽帝国为了控制漠北蒙古到西域的商旅要道,还大量向边防城池移民,以充实边防。辽帝国通过征伐、安抚和修筑西北边防城池以及移民实边、屯田等方式,实现了其镇抚漠北蒙古阻卜诸部落之目的,并保障了辽上京至蒙古腹地与西域乃至欧亚草原丝绸之路之畅通。
[Abstract]:In the middle of the 9 th century, the Virwe-Tatars rose in the north of the desert and controlled the Cruren River basin and the northern grasslands. However, with the rise of the Liao Empire and the recruitment of Yeru Arbor to the Mobei Mongol Plateau, Qidan controlled it from the upper Liao Dynasty to the Northern Mongolia Plateau and even the Western region. In order to control the traditional Silk Road from North Mongolia to the Western region and even the grassland, Liao Dynasty first conquered and controlled North Mongolia by force, and set up the Northwest Road to strengthen the control. Secondly, Liao built a river Dongcheng, Jingbian City, Pei River City, town state, Virginia, Fangzhou, Zhaozhou, the main city of lazy tower. Third, the Liao Empire in order to control the North Mongolia to the Western region of the main business routes, but also a large number of immigration to the frontier cities to enrich the border defense. The Liao Empire achieved the purpose of controlling the northern Mongolian tribes by collecting felling, placating and building the northwest frontier cities, as well as emigrating to the real border, and opening up fields, etc. It also ensured the smooth passage of the Silk Road between Liaoning and Mongolia and the western region as well as Eurasian steppe.
【作者单位】：中山大学国际关系学院;
【分类号】：K246.1

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