南朝宋齐时期寒门政治研究

发布时间：2018-10-07 20:00

【摘要】：南朝寒门阶层代表人物之兴起对当时的军政局势产生了不可忽视的影响。自东晋末年起,长期占统治地位的门阀士族走向衰落,士族依靠父祖之资,“平流进取,坐致公卿”,既多不问政事,也缺乏实际能力,南朝统治者常将实际工作交付社会地位较低的寒门人士,以致实际军政权力逐渐转入寒门人士手中。寒门人士自身亦积极参与政治活动,努力提升自身的社会地位,以企图挤入士族阶层。一些寒门人士还试图不断扩展自己的政治权力,以维护其财富。当然,宋、齐时期君王出于加强皇权的需要,虽皆引寒人参与政治,但不同君王对寒人群体的宠信程度并不完全相同,这必然导致各时期寒人群体的作用及其影响的差异。如宋孝武帝、宋明帝,齐高帝、齐武帝、齐明帝等人,虽然皆大力拔擢、重用寒人,但他们“主威独运”,“权不外假”,寒门仅仅出纳王命,按君主的意愿执行,成为皇权强化的工具。而在宋前废帝、后废帝,齐东昏侯时期,或因其君主幼弱,或未能亲政,或不理政务,于时内廷之寒门人士操弄权柄,横行一时。宋、齐时期,中书舍人,典签等职权有所变化,其权力逐渐增强,寒门通过担任中书舍人、典签等参与政治。受当时社会风尚的影响,寒门群体获得一定的政治地位后,无不试图挤入士族阶层,并进而争取免除赋役的特权。
[Abstract]:The rise of representatives of the Han class in the Southern Dynasty had an unnegligible influence on the military and political situation at that time. Since the end of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the patriarchal clan, which has long occupied a dominant position, has declined, relying on the capital of its father and ancestors, "making progress through the parallel flow, sitting down to the public," neither asking questions about political affairs, but also lacking the practical ability to do so. The rulers of the Southern Dynasty often handed over the actual work to the lower social status of the Han people, so that the actual military and political power gradually transferred to the hands of the Han people. Hanmen themselves also actively participate in political activities and strive to improve their social status in an attempt to squeeze into the gentry. Some shivers are also trying to expand their political power to preserve their wealth. Of course, for the need of strengthening imperial power in Song and Qi dynasties, although they all attracted the cold people to participate in politics, the different kings did not have the same degree of favor to the cold people group, which inevitably led to the difference of the function and influence of the cold people group in each period. Such as Song Xiao Wu Emperor, Song Ming Emperor, Qi Gao Di, Qi Wu Di, Qi Ming Emperor, and so on. Although they all vigorously promoted and reused the cold people, they were "masters of power and independence", "power is no more than false," the cold door only cashier king's order, according to the monarch's will to execute, To become a tool for strengthening imperial power. Before the Song Dynasty, the emperors were abolished, later emperors, Qidong faint Hou period, or because their young monarch is weak, or unable to govern, or ignore government affairs, in the time of the Han people in the court to manipulate power, for a while. During the period of Song and Qi, the powers and powers of the secretary of the book and the book were changed, and his power was gradually strengthened, and Han Men took part in politics by acting as the Sherry of the book and the book of the book. Influenced by the prevailing social customs at that time, the Hanmen group, after gaining a certain political status, tried to squeeze into the gentry class and then to fight for the privilege of exemption from servitude.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K239.1

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