清代（1840年以前）荒政文献研究

发布时间：2018-10-10 17:20

【摘要】：中国古代荒政文献是政书体史书的一种。它的材料来源于古代的救荒活动、政策措施、法令制度以及思想见解,是我国古代劳动人民智慧与血汗的结晶,对我国历史文献学和文化史的发展做出了重要的贡献。本文旨在以古代荒政文献作为研究对象。然而中国的荒政文献汗牛充栋,且分布在不同的史籍之中,故谨清代(1840年以前)荒政文献作为研究对象。在这个阶段所产生的荒政文献不仅数量多价值高,而且也总结了丰富的荒政经验和教训。因此,系统全面地开展对清代前期荒政文献的专门研究是一个迫切而重要的任务。清代前期自然灾害的频繁发生、统治阶级对荒政的重视与关注、相关文献数量的不断增加以及清代史学的繁荣和荒政制度的进步是荒政文献产生的原因。清代荒政制度集历代之大成,与之相应而产生的荒政文献在清代也达到了高峰。它不仅数量创历代之最,而且在质量也超过了历代、内容更加丰富。来自社会不同层面的作者不同的荒政观念更加丰富。清代(1840年以前)前期荒政文献在体裁体例方面的特征。荒政文献作为政书体史书的一种,在总体上具备政书体史书特点的同时,也在具体的编撰方式上具有其自身的特点。荒政文献的叙述、汇编摘要、考证等类型丰富了政书体史书的题材。荒政文献多样化的编撰方式、广泛的材料来源、言简意赅的评语完善了政书编撰的体例。荒政文献是在特殊背景下产生的特殊的著述群体。它的特殊性决定了它有一般文献著作所没有的价值,带有自身独有的特点。荒政文献经世致用的实用价值、留存历史的史学价值以及保存资料的文献价值对我们今天的研究仍有重要的意义。
[Abstract]:The ancient Chinese literature on famine is one of the historical books of political style. Its materials derived from the ancient activities of famine relief, policy measures, laws and regulations, as well as ideas, are the crystallization of the wisdom and sweat of the working people in ancient China, and have made important contributions to the development of the history and cultural history of our country. The purpose of this paper is to take the ancient literature on famine as the object of study. However, the literature on famine in China is abundant and distributed in different historical records, so the literature on famine in the Qing Dynasty (before 1840) was regarded as the object of study. The literature produced in this stage is not only of high value, but also of rich experience and lessons. Therefore, it is an urgent and important task to carry out a systematic and comprehensive research on the literature on famine in the early Qing Dynasty. The frequent occurrence of natural disasters in the early Qing Dynasty, the attention and attention of the ruling class to the famine, the increasing number of relevant documents, the prosperity of the historiography and the progress of the system of famine in Qing Dynasty are the reasons for the emergence of the literature on famine. The great achievements of the Qing Dynasty's famine system resulted in the peak of the literature on the famine in the Qing Dynasty. It is not only the largest number of generations, but also in the quality of the past generations, more rich content. Different writers from different levels of society have more abundant ideas about famine. The characteristics of the early Qing Dynasty (before 1840) in the genre. As one of the historical books of the political style, the literature of famine and politics has its own characteristics as well as its own characteristics in the specific way of compiling. The narration, compilation, summary and textual research of the literature enrich the subject matter of the historical books. The diversified compilation methods, the wide sources of materials and the concise comments perfect the methods of compiling the political documents. The literature on famine is a special writing group under the special background. Its particularity determines it has the value which the general literature works do not have, has its own unique characteristic. The practical value, the historical value of preserving history and the document value of preserving materials are still of great significance to our research today.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K249

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