从冯氏家族的兴衰看岭南汉族社会的嬗变

发布时间：2019-04-10 09:06

【摘要】： 魏晋隋唐时期岭南地区的冯氏家族,是在与当地望族冼氏家族冼夫人联姻后,通过加强自身在岭南地区的威望和势力,同时与中央王朝保持合作关系并赢得中央王朝统治者的信任,进而逐渐形成一方大姓的。其在岭南地区的统治势力维持了几百年之久,对岭南地区的社会政治、经济、文化的发展产生了重大而深远的影响,促进了岭南地区的民族融合;其始终维护中央王朝统一的态度,保证了岭南地区的社会稳定,也维护了中央王朝在岭南地区的统治权,为国家的统一做出了重要贡献。冯氏家族进入岭南地区之初,被任为太守、刺史等职,是以中央官员——即流官的身份统领岭南。而当时在岭南地区拥有很高威望和较强势力的冼氏家族,则属于岭南地方豪族,属于土官性质。由于冯氏家族自进入岭南地区开始便世居岭南,长期接受岭南地方文化的熏染,即使没有冯冼联姻,冯氏家族还是会慢慢的土著化。但冯冼联姻却加速了冯氏家族的土著化进程,使得流官身份的冯氏家族最终与土官身份的冼氏家族相结合,最后完全蜕变成了实际意义上的岭南地方豪族。土著化后的冯氏家族,逐渐开始认同岭南地方文化,由原来的流官身份慢慢演变成了土官身份,最后发展成为雄霸一方的地方豪族。而国力逐渐强盛起来的唐王朝,感觉到了势力强大的冯氏家族对中央统一所产生的威胁,逐渐产生了加强对岭南地区的统治的意识;而经过上百年才势力发展壮大起来的冯氏家族,地方文化认同逐渐增强,到唐朝时已经完全蜕变成一个地地道道的岭南地方豪强,也有了称霸一方的欲望,当然不愿意接受中央王朝的控制。这样,中央行政体制的一体化这一要求与地方势力独立之间的矛盾冲突发生了,冯氏家族便成为了中央行政体制一体化进程中的阻碍力量。而这时候的唐王朝已经具备统一全国的能力,冯氏家族最终还是被强大的中央王朝所消灭了。因此可以说,冯氏家族的兴衰史,也是岭南地区地方文化认同与中央文化认同之间的调适与冲突史,是岭南地区汉族移民的社会变迁史,更是岭南文化向中原文化接近和靠拢并最终融合的历史,最终使得岭南地区成为我国古代多民族统一国家整体中不可分割的一部分。
[Abstract]:In the period of Wei, Jin, Sui and Tang dynasties, the Feng family in Lingnan region was married to the Xian family of the local respected family, by strengthening their prestige and influence in the Lingnan area. At the same time to maintain cooperative relations with the central dynasty and win the trust of the rulers of the central dynasty, and then gradually formed a big surname. Its ruling forces in Lingnan area have maintained for hundreds of years, which has had a great and far-reaching influence on the development of politics, economy and culture in Lingnan region, and promoted the national integration in Lingnan region. It has always maintained the unity of the central dynasty, guaranteed the social stability of Lingnan area, also maintained the ruling power of the central dynasty in the Lingnan region, and made an important contribution to the unification of the country. When the Feng family entered the Lingnan region, they were appointed as Taishou, Shi, and so on, leading Lingnan as a central official, that is, a convict official. At that time, the Xian family, which had very high prestige and strong power in Lingnan area, belonged to the local luxury ethnic group in Lingnan and belonged to the nature of Tuguan. Since the Feng family began to live in Lingnan from the beginning of the Lingnan area, long-term acceptance of Lingnan local culture, even without the marriage of Feng Xian, the Feng family will slowly become indigenous. But the marriage of Feng and Xian accelerated the process of the aboriginal of the Feng family, which made the Feng family who was a convict finally combine with the Xian family of the Tuguan status, and finally completely transformed into a real sense of the Lingnan local haughty people. After the aboriginal Feng family gradually began to identify with the Lingnan local culture gradually evolved from the original status of convict into the Tuguan identity finally developed into the dominant side of the local tycoon. The Tang Dynasty, which gradually strengthened its national strength, felt the threat of the powerful Feng family to the unity of the central government, and gradually produced the consciousness of strengthening the domination of the Lingnan region. But after hundreds of years of development and strength, the Feng family, the local cultural identity gradually strengthened, by the Tang Dynasty, it had completely transformed into a powerful place in Lingnan, and also had the desire to dominate the other side. Of course not willing to accept the control of the central dynasty. In this way, the conflict between the requirement of the integration of the central administrative system and the independence of the local power has occurred, and the Feng family has become a hindrance in the process of the integration of the central administrative system. By this time the Tang Dynasty had the ability to unify the country, and the Feng family was eventually destroyed by the powerful Central Dynasty. Therefore, it can be said that the history of the rise and fall of the Feng family is also the history of adjustment and conflict between the local cultural identity and the central cultural identity of the Lingnan region, and the history of social change of the Han nationality immigrants in the Lingnan region. It is the history that Lingnan culture is close to and close to the Central Plains culture, and finally make Lingnan region become an integral part of China's ancient multi-ethnic unity country.
【学位授予单位】：云南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K242

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