明长城大同镇军事聚落整体性研究

发布时间：2019-04-13 07:46

【摘要】：山西北部广袤的大同盆地及周围山区是明长城九边十一镇中大同镇防区所在地,境内有大量明代长城防御设施遗存。长城不是一道孤立的边墙,它的建设与戍守均离不开军事聚落,大同镇所辖72座军事城堡就是晋北地区一类特殊的聚落形态,它们有着不同的规模、等级,在时空分布上也各具特色。经过约600年的变革,这些早已失去了军事作用的聚落演化为人们居住、耕作的城镇、村庄而广泛分布于晋北地区。因该地区经济发展较为缓慢,大部分的军事城堡保留了过去的形态与格局,蕴藏着大量的历史军事信息。令人遗憾的是,这些珍贵的文化遗产,正在逐步的消失与灭亡。本文试图整体性的研究大同镇的防御体系、大同镇军事聚落的历史演化和空间特点。文章首先了解了该地区军事地理环境,介绍明长城及大同镇的设立背景。继而,阐述了在明代两种主要军事制度之下大同镇所形成的军事管理层级和层次化防御体系。在此基础上,以时间为线索讨论了大同镇军事聚落产生、发展、变迁的过程及其影响因素;又以空间为依托分析了大同防区军事城堡的择址分布、规模尺度、城防布局、建筑特色等诸多方面。这些内容有利于我们深化明代边防体系的研究,找出北方军事聚落的共性和特征,记录城堡现今的状况,引起对长城保护与利用的思考。
[Abstract]:The vast Datong basin and surrounding mountain area in northern Shanxi is the site of the defense area of Datong Town in the eleven towns of the Ming Great Wall. There are a large number of Ming Dynasty Great Wall defensive facilities in the territory. The Great Wall is not an isolated border wall, and its construction and garrison are inseparable from military settlements. The 72 military castles under Datong Town are a special form of settlement in northern Shanxi, and they have different sizes and grades. In the space-time distribution also has its own characteristics. After about 600 years of change, these settlements, which have long lost their military role, have evolved into inhabited, cultivated towns, villages and widely distributed in northern Shanxi. Because the economic development of this area is relatively slow, most of the military castles retain the past form and pattern, and contain a lot of historical and military information. Unfortunately, these precious cultural heritages are gradually disappearing and perishing. This paper attempts to study the defense system of Datong Town, the historical evolution and spatial characteristics of military settlements in Datong Town. In this paper, the military geographical environment of this area is first understood, and the background of Ming Great Wall and Datong Town is introduced. Then, it expounds the military management hierarchy and hierarchical defense system formed by Datong Town under the two main military systems in Ming Dynasty. On this basis, the paper discusses the process of the formation, development and change of military settlements in Datong Town and its influencing factors with the clue of time. On the basis of space, this paper analyzes the location distribution, scale, urban defense layout and architectural characteristics of military castles in Datong defense area. These contents are helpful for us to deepen the study of frontier defense system in Ming Dynasty, find out the commonness and characteristics of the military settlements in the north, record the present situation of the castle, and cause some thoughts on the protection and utilization of the Great Wall.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TU-098;K248

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