明清时期兰州地区水环境与城市发展研究

发布时间：2019-05-29 01:53

【摘要】：历史时期人与自然的关系研究是历史地理学的主要内容之一，是我们了解人类社会发展过程的重要途径。水作为当今人类发展的奇缺资源，水与城市关系研究的重要性日益显著。本文所述“兰州地区”主要指今兰州市（市辖城关区、七里河区、西固区、安宁区、红古区，及永登县、榆中县、皋兰县）所在，由于本文论述主题水环境与城市发展，故论述重心在城关区、七里河区、西固区及安宁区。本区位于甘肃省中部，黄河穿流而过。优越的地理位置使兰州历史上逐步形成若干重要渡口，以交通为依托，以军事发展为契机，兰州社会经济得到发展。本文从城镇建设、交通、军事、水利开发等方面切入，对明清时期兰州城市发展与水的互动进行论述。首先，介绍了兰州的水资源情况，对本区河流、泉泽、地下水及降水情况进行了考察，为了解兰州发展与水的互动问题奠定基础。其次，论述水对城市发展的影响，分别从水与城市选址、水与城市规模及交通、水与城市兴废方面进行研究，并且探讨了水对兰州市交通带来的优势及缺陷。以水与地名关系为视角，对兰州发展变迁状况作了论述。再次，对于城镇居民用水方式进行分类讨论，明清时期本区主要用水情况可分为居民生活用水、军事堡垒用水、城镇居民赏玩娱乐用水，农业灌溉用水。对明清兰州水利开发进行论述，，认为水利开发对兰州经济发展影响颇为深远。最后，对明清后期水环境恶化情况及原因进行探讨，认为水环境恶化是多种因素造成的，有自然侵蚀的原因，也有人为开垦不当的原因。并且对兰州未来城市经济生活发展方式提出了建议。通过本课题的研究，不仅可以认识了解明清时期兰州的历史地理状况，探析水对城镇发展过程的影响，而且可以为今天兰州城市的建设提供经验和教训，具有现实意义。
[Abstract]:The study of the relationship between man and nature in historical period is one of the main contents of historical geography and an important way for us to understand the development process of human society. As a rare resource for human development, the study of the relationship between water and city is becoming more and more important. The "Lanzhou area" mentioned in this paper mainly refers to the present Lanzhou City (Chengguan District, Qilihe District, Xigu District, Anning District, Honggu District, Yongdeng County, Yuzhong County, Gaolan County). Because this paper discusses the theme water environment and urban development, Therefore, the center of gravity is in Chengguan District, Qilihe District, Xigu District and Anning District. This area is located in the middle of Gansu Province, the Yellow River flows through. The superior geographical position makes Lanzhou gradually form a number of important ferries in the history, relying on traffic and military development as an opportunity, Lanzhou social and economic development has been developed. This paper discusses the interaction between Lanzhou urban development and water in Ming and Qing dynasties from the aspects of urban construction, transportation, military, water conservancy development and so on. Firstly, the water resources of Lanzhou are introduced, and the rivers, Quanze, groundwater and precipitation in this area are investigated, which lays a foundation for understanding the interaction between Lanzhou development and water. Secondly, the influence of water on urban development is discussed, and the advantages and defects of water on Lanzhou traffic are discussed from the aspects of water and urban site selection, water and urban scale and traffic, water and urban prosperity and waste. From the perspective of the relationship between water and place names, this paper discusses the development and changes of Lanzhou. Thirdly, the water use mode of urban residents is classified and discussed. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the main water use in this area can be divided into domestic water use, military fortress water use, urban residents' entertainment water use and agricultural irrigation water use. This paper discusses the development of Lanzhou water conservancy in Ming and Qing dynasties, and holds that the influence of water conservancy development on Lanzhou's economic development is quite far-reaching. Finally, the deterioration of water environment in the late Ming and Qing dynasties is discussed, and it is considered that the deterioration of water environment is caused by many factors, such as natural erosion and improper reclamation. And put forward some suggestions on the future development of urban economic life in Lanzhou. Through the study of this subject, we can not only understand the historical geographical situation of Lanzhou in Ming and Qing dynasties, explore the influence of water on the process of urban development, but also provide experience and lessons for the construction of Lanzhou city today, which is of practical significance.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K248;F299.27

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