城市史研究的两种视野:内向性与外向性

发布时间：2018-02-20 23:27

本文关键词： 中国城市史方法视野维度　出处：《学术月刊》2009年10期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：熊月之认为,中国传统城市与欧洲古代城市的根本不同之处,在于自古以来城乡文化一致性、城乡行政一体性的特点没有改变;即使近代通商口岸的出现,强烈地冲击了中国传统城市的体制,但城乡文化一致性在通商口岸仍有顽强表现,城乡行政一体性在非通商口岸依然存在。戴一峰认为,目前城市史研究存在着两种不同的视野——内向性视野和外向性视野,而中国的大多数学者更偏好于内向性视野,应当在今后的城市史研究中大力提倡内向性视野与外向性视野的交叉并用。张利民认为,近代以来城乡对立的关系不仅没有得到缓解,反而出现城乡发展脱节、城乡差别迅速扩大状态;因为自身动力不足和得不到乡村的支持,结果是限制了近代中国城市的整体发展水平。何一民认为,科学地划分中国城市史的不同发展时期,对于研究中国城市历史十分重要;而以生产力和生产技术的变革作为划分城市分期的标准,可以将中国城市历史划分为农业时代、工业时代、信息时代三个时期。陈蕴茜认为,中国城市转型是社会系统转型的一个缩影,它涉及社会、政治、经济、文化、记忆、认同等众多层面,而"空间"却是可以充分展示这种转型现代性特征的重要维度;将"空间"引入中国城市史研究,能够更深入地揭示中国城市演化的独特规律。
[Abstract]:Xiong Yuezhi believes that the fundamental difference between Chinese traditional cities and ancient European cities lies in the cultural consistency between urban and rural areas since ancient times, and the characteristics of urban and rural administrative unity have not changed; even with the appearance of modern commercial ports, It has strongly impacted the system of Chinese traditional cities, but the cultural consistency between urban and rural areas is still tenacious at commercial ports, and the administrative unity of urban and rural areas still exists at non-commercial ports. At present, there are two different perspectives in the study of urban history: introverted vision and extroverted visual field, while most Chinese scholars prefer introverted vision. In the future study of urban history, we should vigorously promote the combination of introverted and extroverted horizons. Zhang Limin believes that the antagonistic relationship between urban and rural areas has not been alleviated since modern times, on the contrary, there has been a disconnect between urban and rural development. The gap between urban and rural areas is rapidly expanding; because of their own lack of motivation and lack of rural support, the result is that the overall development level of modern Chinese cities is limited. He Yimin believes that the different periods of development of China's urban history are scientifically divided. It is very important to study the history of Chinese cities, and the history of Chinese cities can be divided into three periods: the agricultural age, the industrial age and the information age, according to Chen Yunxi, who regards the transformation of productivity and production technology as the criterion for dividing the city into stages. The transformation of Chinese cities is a microcosm of the transformation of social system. It involves many aspects such as society, politics, economy, culture, memory, identity and so on, while "space" is an important dimension that can fully display the characteristics of this transition modernity. Introducing "space" into the study of Chinese urban history can reveal the unique law of urban evolution in China.
【作者单位】：厦门大学嘉庚学院;
【分类号】：K207

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