郡县制度评价理论述评

发布时间：2018-03-23 22:02

本文选题：郡县制度　切入点：封建论　出处：《文史哲》2002年03期

【摘要】：郡县制实行以来，历经褒贬。在第一期论争中，以唐代为高潮。柳宗元等人持完全肯定的态度；与之相反，朱敬则、孙樵等人则认为郡县制度祸害社会，，流弊颇深。明末至清中叶是论争的第二期。顾炎武、黄宗羲等人从天下长治久安的高度，提出了地方官专任等限制皇权的社会权力结构新模式。然而，他们仍未脱离秦代以来或言封建、或言郡县的窠臼。戊戌变法以来，论争进入了第三期，时人引入了宪政、联邦制等新型社会权力架构思想，对郡县制进行了更高层次的阐释，章太炎、梁启超、毛泽东等人提出了改造中国旧有社会行政结构的一些新思想，但因社会环境、思维角度的不断转换，他们的一些重要见解并非一成不变。透视历代有关郡县制的讨论，有助于我们总结经验，深入思考转型时期的制度创新问题。
[Abstract]:Since the implementation of the system of prefectures and counties, it has gone through praise and derogation. In the first controversy, the Tang Dynasty was the climax. Liu Zongyuan and others held a completely positive attitude; on the contrary, Zhu Jingze, Sun Qiao and others thought that the prefecture and county system was harmful to society. From late Ming to the middle of Qing Dynasty, Gu Yanwu, Huang Zongxi and others put forward a new model of social power structure restricting imperial power, such as full-time appointment of local officials, from the height of lasting stability in the world. Since the Reform Movement of 1898, the debate has entered its third phase, when people introduced new social power structure ideas such as constitutionalism and federalism, and interpreted the system of prefectures and counties at a higher level. Zhang Taiyan, Liang Qichao, Mao Zedong, and others have put forward some new ideas for reforming China's old social and administrative structure. However, due to the social environment and the constant change of thinking angle, Some of their important opinions are not fixed. It is helpful for us to sum up our experience and think deeply about the institutional innovation in the transitional period by looking through past discussions on the system of prefectures and counties.
【作者单位】：泰山学院政史系
【分类号】：K207

【共引文献】