秦始皇议定“帝号”与执政合法性宣传

发布时间：2018-04-05 06:04

本文选题：帝　切入点：皇帝　出处：《人文杂志》2016年02期

【摘要】："秦王初并天下",指令"议帝号",成就了皇帝制度的发明。对"帝号"的看重,自有文化渊源。回顾战国史,应当重视"秦称西帝,齐称东帝"的事件。确定皇帝称号,"制曰可"的程式,体现了皇帝个人与皇帝制度的关系。"帝号"在秦统一之初执政合法性宣传中有重要意义。"义兵"与"圣德"等自我标榜也是赢得社会认可的手段。而更有效的宣传策略,可能在于秦帝国执政初期出于对"民心"之重视的所谓"普天之下,抟心一志""黔首安宁""歩欣奉教""莫不受德,各安其宁"等舆论制造。"宗庙"对执政权力的认可,是秦人自我看重的因素,然而未必可以对六国人形成实际影响。不过,当时秦王朝的相关政治表现,开启了皇族宗庙祭祀成为国家祭祀的制度。秦二世时代面对"关东群盗"暴动蜂起,赵高所谓"宜为王如故",说明放弃帝号即承认了执政权力的丧失。
[Abstract]:The emperor's system was invented under the command of the emperor's name.The value of the Emperor's name has its own cultural origin.Reviewing the history of warring States, we should pay attention to the event that Qin called West Emperor and Qi Eastern Emperor.The formula for determining the title of emperor and the system of making the emperor reflect the relationship between the emperor himself and the emperor's system. "Emperor's title is of great significance in the propaganda of ruling legitimacy at the beginning of Qin Dynasty's unification.Volunteer soldiers and Saint Virtue are also the means to win social recognition.A more effective propaganda strategy may be that in the early days of the Qin Empire, due to the importance attached to the "hearts of the people," the so-called "under the sky," "Qianshou peace", "Xin Bong", "do not accept morality, Anqining," and other public opinion. "The recognition of the ruling power by the Zongmiao is an important factor for the Qin people, but it may not have a practical effect on the people of the six Kingdoms.However, the related political performance of Qin Dynasty opened the system of imperial temple sacrifice as the national sacrifice.In the face of the riot of "Guandong gang theft", Zhao Gao called "King should be the king as before", which showed that giving up the emperor's title means admitting the loss of the ruling power.
【作者单位】：中国人民大学国学院、出土文献与中国古代文明研究协同创新中心;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金重大项目“秦统一及其历史意义再研究”(14ZDB028)
【分类号】：K233

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