“打牲”与打牲乌拉总管衙门研究

发布时间：2018-04-16 08:29

本文选题：打牲乌拉总管衙门 + 打牲　；参考：《吉林师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：打牲乌拉总管衙门是清代专为“打牲”而设立的朝贡衙门。从顺治十四年(1657)建立,到光绪三十二年(1905)裁撤,前后存在二百多年,几乎与清王朝相始终。在它二百多年的存续过程中,从最初仅有数百人的采捕组织,到发展成为辖有数万旗民的朝贡衙署,其人口、辖地以及辖区的社会经济文化都发生了较大变化,在东北地区的开发、地方社会发展等方面发挥了重要作用。本研究以乌拉地区“打牲”活动的兴衰为主线,以相关满汉文文献、档案资料,旗人家谱及方志等为主要资料依据,综合运用历史学、社会学、民族学等多学科研究方法,对打牲乌拉总管衙门的设立、职能及兴衰等相关问题进行了系统梳理与研究。主要包括五个部分:第一部分主要对选题的背景、意义以及前人的研究进行了梳理;第二部分围绕“打牲”活动与清王朝政治及皇室生活的需要,分析了打牲乌拉总管衙门设立的情况;第三部分主要分析了打牲活动的管理及打牲官员设置的情况;第四与第五部分是本文的核心,集中分析考证了清代乌拉地区打牲活动的兴衰与打牲乌拉总管衙门地位升降的关系,尤其对东珠、鲟鳇鱼采捕与打牲衙门衰落的内在联系,对东珠本身的价值等前人鲜有涉及的问题进行了深入挖掘与考证。本研究认为,从后金至清,乌拉地区的“打牲”活动对于满洲人而言,其主要职能经历了一个从“经济需求”到“政治需要”的转变,“打牲”活动的兴衰就意味着打牲乌拉总管衙门的兴衰,而打牲乌拉总管衙门的兴衰也印证着有清一代王朝的兴与衰。可以说,一部打牲乌拉兴衰史就是一部微缩的清朝兴衰史。
[Abstract]:The Yamen was set up in Qing Dynasty for the purpose of "beating animals".From the establishment of Shunzhi in 14 years to the abolition of Guang Xu in 32, there existed for more than 200 years, almost as long as the Qing Dynasty.In the course of its existence for more than two hundred years, from the initial collection and capture organization of only a few hundred people to the development of a tributary government office with tens of thousands of flag people under its jurisdiction, its population, jurisdiction, and social, economic and cultural changes have taken place in its jurisdiction.In the development of the Northeast region, local social development has played an important role.The main line of this study is the rise and fall of the activities of "hitting animals" in the Wula area, and the main data basis is related to the Chinese literature, archives, family tree and local chronicles, and the comprehensive use of multi-disciplinary research methods, such as history, sociology, ethnology, etc.This paper systematically combs and studies the establishment, function, rise and fall and so on.It mainly includes five parts: the first part mainly combs the background, significance and predecessors' research of the topic, the second part revolves around the activities of "attacking animals" and the need of Qing Dynasty politics and royal life.The third part mainly analyzes the management of the killing activities and the setting up of the officials. The fourth and fifth parts are the core of this paper.This paper focuses on the analysis of the relationship between the rise and fall of the activities of beating animals in the Wula area of the Qing Dynasty and the rise and fall of the position of the Yamen of the Wula, especially for the internal relations between the fishing of the East Pearl, the gathering of the Sturgeon and the decline of the Yamen.The value of Dongzhu itself and other problems rarely involved in this paper are deeply excavated and researched.This study holds that, from the post-Jin to the Qing Dynasty, the main functions of the "beating animals" in the Ura area have undergone a transition from "economic needs" to "political needs" for Manchu people.The rise and fall of the activity of "beating animals" means the rise and fall of the Yamen of the chief of the management of the animal, and the rise and fall of the government office of the chief of the fight against the beast also confirms the rise and fall of the Qing dynasty.It can be said that a history of the rise and fall of Sheila is a miniature history of the rise and fall of the Qing Dynasty.
【学位授予单位】：吉林师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：K249

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