对外汉语教材研究论文_对外汉语教材中的成语研究

  本文关键词：对外汉语教材中的成语研究，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。

        随着中国国际地位的不断提高,全球掀起的“汉语热”也持续升温。特别是近年来,留学生学习汉语的热情日益高涨,学习汉语已成为国际上不可阻挡的潮流和趋势。在浩如烟海的汉语词语中,有大量成语。成语内涵丰富、形式多样,是人们在长期的社会交际中广泛沿习的固定词组,它蕴含着深厚的文化底蕴与历史典故,是汉语语言中绮丽的瑰宝。在对外汉语教材中,成语起到了举足轻重、画龙点睛的作用。成语故事不仅是中国历史文化的凝聚,而且也是汉民族智慧的结晶。它渗透着我们的心理习惯、思想观念和价值取向,传承着我们的民族传统和民俗风情。近年来,不少外国人迫切希望了解中国的历史文化以及语言文字,而成语故事就向他们展示了中国悠久的历史和灿烂的文化,令他们在轻松的欣赏之余,领略中国文化的魅力。而进入中高级阶段后接触、学习甚至研究成语既是提高留学生汉语水平的前提条件,也是学懂汉语、进一步了解中国历史、文化的必然要求。只有在民族精神的鼓舞下,在民间文化的熏陶中,留学生才能真正学好汉语,了解中国文化。本文查阅了近30本目前流行的对外汉语教材,拟将以该30本对外汉语教材中收录的成语作为研究对象,对其分布状况、频率分布、篇目分布进行了调查,对某些英文注释与汉语本体的差别进行对比研究；并将对留学生做问卷调查,分析他们使用熟语的偏误。此外,本文拟将对《汉语水平词汇与汉字等级大纲》中要求留学生掌握的116条成语和人教版中小学语文教材中的常用成语进行比较分析,以考察中国学生与留学生在成语学习方面的异同。本文旨在探究现有对外汉语教材中的成语,客观呈现对外汉语教材中成语存在的状态,考察对外汉语教材在对成语安排中出现的问题并提出合理的编纂形式。探索适合留学生成语学习的方法,提出相应的教学建议,使成语在对外汉语教材以及教学中的地位得到提高。本论文由7章组成。第1章是绪论,介绍了本文的研究背景、选题意义和研究方法,归纳了国内外研究现状。同时对本文的研究对象进行了界定,对成语的研究现状进行了分析,最后进行论文综述。第2章对外汉语成语教学的意义。简要阐述了成语的特征,分析了对外汉语成语教学的意义。第3章成语在对外汉语教材中的分布。用大量的客观数据呈现近三十本对外汉语教材的调查结果。经过细致谨慎的调研和统计,提供了在现行对外汉语教材中成语在综合课、阅读课、口语课程中的选用情况,呈现了对外汉语教材中成语出现的数量、级别中的分布、出现的频率以及篇目,分析对外汉语教材对成语的安排。同时将对外汉语教材中选用的成语与《汉语水平词汇与汉字等级大纲》对比,探究前者收录的成语是否符合大纲要求。考察中国主流报纸动态语料库(DDC)中所收入的前300条高频成语,并与《汉语水平词汇与汉字等级大纲》中要求留学生掌握的116条成语进行比较。同时考察《汉语水平词汇与汉字等级大纲》中要求留学生掌握的116条成语在我国人教版对外汉语教材中的分布情况。探讨教材中成语编排的优缺点,进行归类分析,旨在呈现影响成语编排的因素。第4章留学生掌握成语的情况分析。通过问卷调查,了解留学生对上述研究的成语掌握情况,并进行偏误分析。第5章综合建议。针对对外汉语教材对成语的安排、《汉语水平词汇与汉字等级大纲》提供了具体的建议。结语部分对论文的内容做出总结。重申了本论文的创作目的和意义,客观地说明了本文研究可能导致的局限性以及研究期望达到的目的。

    With the continuous improvement of China’s international status, the world of the "Chinese hot" also continues to heat up. Especially in recent years, the enthusiasm of students learning Chinese has been growing, learning Chinese has become an unstoppable tide and trend in the world. In the vast Chinese words, there are a large number of idioms. Idioms connotation is rich and various, it is a kind of fixed phrases that people continued to use widely along the acquisition in long-term social communication, it contains a profound cultural background and historical allusions, and it is the treasure of Chinese language. In teaching Chinese, idioms play an important role. The idiom story is not only the cohesion of Chinese history and culture, but it is also the crystallization of the wisdom of Chinese Han nationality. It permeates our mental habits, ideology and value orientation, inheriting our traditional and folk customs. In recent years, a lot of foreigners are eager to know the history of Chinese culture and language, and to show them the idiom story is China’s long history and splendid culture, put them at a relaxed appreciation, appreciate the charm of Chinese culture. Into the senior stage after contact, study and research idiom is not only the prerequisite to improve the level of Chinese students, and to learn mandarin, learn more about Chinese history and culture. Only in light of the national spirit, in the folk culture, students can really learn Chinese, understand Chinese culture.This thesis consists of seven chapters. Chapter1is the introduction, it introduces the research background, the selected topic significance and research method of this article, summarizes the research status at home and abroad. For the research object of this paper is defined at the same time, analyzes the research status of idioms, the thesis reviews.Chapter2is the meaning of the idiom teaching Chinese as a foreign language. It briefly expounds the characteristics of idioms; Several mean of idiom teaching Chinese as a foreign language are analyzed.Chapter3is the distribution of idioms in Chinese as a foreign language teaching. With a lot of objective data in nearly30of the Chinese as a foreign language textbooks survey results. Through meticulous and careful investigation and statistics, provides in the current teaching Chinese idioms in Comprehensive course, reading class, the selection of oral English classes, shows the number of idioms in Chinese as a foreign language teaching materials, the level of distribution, frequency and contents. Analyze Chinese as a foreign language teaching materials on the arrangement of the idioms annotation. At the same time, will be selected for use in teaching Chinese idioms and Chinese proficiency vocabulary and grade outline Chinese characters, to explore the idiom of the former included whether to conform to the requirements of the syllabus. Study Chinese mainstream newspaper dynamic corpus (DDC) income in the first300high-frequency idioms, and the Chinese proficiency vocabulary and grade outline Chinese characters, they asked the students to master the116idioms are compared. While studying the Chinese proficiency vocabulary and grade outline Chinese characters, they asked the students to grasp the article116of the idiom in the distribution of Chinese as a foreign language schools are teaching materials in our country.Discuss ed the advantages and disadvantages of idioms choreography in the textbooks, classified analysis, aimed at present factors that affect idiom choreography.Chapter4:Students grasp the situation analysis of idioms. Through the questionnaire survey, understand the foreign students to the study of idioms to master a baseline, and analysis of errors.Chapter5:Comprehensive advice. In view of Chinese as a foreign language teaching material for the arrangement of the idiom, Chinese proficiency vocabulary and grade outline Chinese characters.Epilogue part gives a summary to the content of the paper. Reiterated the writing purpose and significance of this paper objectively illustrates this article research may lead to the research limitations and expects to achieve.

对外汉语教材中的成语研究

摘要3-6ABSTRACT6-81. 绪论11-16    1.1 选题目的11    1.2 研究现状11-13    1.3 研究对象13-14    1.4 研究方法14    1.5 创新之处14-162. 对外汉语成语教学的意义16-19    2.1 成语的特点16-17    2.2 对外汉语成语教学的意义17-193. 对外汉语教材中的成语19-32    3.1 对外汉语教材中成语的选用情况19-22        3.1.1 对外汉语教材中成语的分布19-21        3.1.2 对外汉语教材中成语频率的分布21        3.1.3 对外汉语教材中成语篇目的分布21-22    3.2 《汉语水平词汇与汉字等级大纲》对成语教学的要求22-24    3.3 对外汉语教材中的成语在语料库中的分布24-26    3.4 对外汉语教材中的成语在人教版中小学语文教材中的分布26-28    3.5 对外汉语教材中成语编排的优缺点28-32        3.5.1 对外汉语教材中成语编排的优点28-30        3.5.2 对外汉语教材中成语编排的缺点30-324. 对留学生掌握汉语成语情况的考察及偏误分析32-40    4.1 留学生掌握成语的情况32-33    4.2 偏误分析33-405. 综合性建议40-44    5.1 对外汉语教材中成语编排的建议40-43        5.1.1 对外汉语教材中成语数量编排40-41        5.1.2 对外汉语教材中成语频率编排41-42        5.1.3 对外汉语教材中成语篇目编排42-43    5.2 对《汉语水平词汇与汉字等级大纲》的建议43-44结语44-45参考文献45-48附录1：语料来源48-54附录2：《汉语水平词汇与汉字等级大纲》对成语教学的要求54-57附录3：问卷调查试卷57-59后记59-60

  本文关键词：对外汉语教材中的成语研究，，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。