唐宋基层武力与基层社会的转变——以弓手为中心的观察

发布时间：2018-06-01 10:05

本文选题：唐宋 + 弓手　；参考：《历史研究》2004年01期

【摘要】：“弓手”一词 ,在宋代之前多指职业军人的一个军种类别 ,赵匡胤建国以后 ,正式将弓手当作维护基层治安的武装力量。这一转变 ,使得弓手与国家权力及地方社会有了更紧密的联系 ;它不仅是宋王朝的政治设计和作为的重要环节 ,也是中国王朝维护治安、巩固帝业的基本武力 ,在王朝统治力深入民间的历史上 ,具有指标性的意义。更重要的是 ,弓手的出现显示了唐宋之间政治、社会型态 ,以及运作机制的一大转变。以往学界囿于断代研究之限 ,将唐宋的历史问题明显区隔 ,分别讨论 ,以致将历史现象孤立化 ,缺乏联系 ;对基层社会的发展与转变 ,缺乏长时段的观察与联系 ,以致出现断裂的现象 ,影响对中国社会前后相继的历史延续性的完整了解。
[Abstract]:Before the Song Dynasty, the term "bowman" referred to a category of professional servicemen. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, Zhao Kuangyin formally regarded the bowmen as the armed forces to maintain public order at the grassroots level. This change made the archers more closely connected with state power and local society. It was not only an important link in the political design and conduct of the Song Dynasty, but also a basic force for the Chinese dynasty to maintain public order and consolidate the imperial profession. In the history of dynastic domination, it has the significance of index. More importantly, the emergence of the bow showed a major change in politics, social patterns, and operational mechanisms between the Tang and Song dynasties. In the past, limited by the study of the dynasties, the historical problems of the Tang and Song dynasties were obviously divided and discussed separately, which resulted in the isolation of the historical phenomena, the lack of connection, and the development and transformation of the grass-roots society. The lack of long-term observation and connection leads to the phenomenon of fracture, which affects the complete understanding of the successive historical continuity of Chinese society.
【作者单位】：台北中研院历史语言研究所
【分类号】：K207

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