先秦巫医文化研究

发布时间：2018-06-24 18:45

本文选题：巫医 + 同源　；参考：《青岛大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文立足于广泛的古典文献资料之上,采用二重证据研究法对先秦时期的巫医文化进行深入研究。从先秦时期零散的文献记载和现代考古发掘等珍贵资料入手,细致分析巫医的文化内涵,梳理先秦时期巫医由同源而分离的历史演变轨迹,考证先秦巫医的基本术法与文化活动。在研究过程中,深度还原先秦时期的时代背景,以文学的视角来系统分析并探讨先秦时期的巫医及巫医文化现象。第一章从字源上对“巫”字进行考据,考察巫师和巫术在中国文化中的特殊地位。原始宗教与落后的生产力催生了沟通天人、洞达鬼神巫师群体,他们在当时承担祭祀、占卜、记史、医疗等职责,是推动社会发展的重要力量。此外,巫文化也对文学的发展产生了重要影响。第二章以文献资料为依据,对巫与医的关系进行考辨,大体勾勒出巫医发展流变的过程。巫医在西周之前本是同源,在西周时期,专职医官设立,巫与医走向分流。此后,医通过构建系统科学的医疗体系而获得发展,而巫医因“鬼神崇拜”观念的没落而日渐衰微。文学典籍中还有一群栩栩如生的“巫医”形象,通过他们职能的变迁,我们也能从中窥探医、巫关系的发展变化。第三章探究了先秦巫医对病理的认知及其治疗之术。先秦巫医对致病因素的认知带有浓厚的原始宗教色彩,通常将疾病的诱因归结为鬼神作祟、天帝降疾、气候战争等因素,而诊疗手段则有迷信方法与科学方法的区别,这些术法源远流长,对古代中国尤其是先秦时期的医学发展做出重大贡献。
[Abstract]:Based on the extensive classical literature, this paper makes a deep study on the culture of witch medicine in pre-Qin period by using double evidence research method. Starting with the scattered literature records and modern archaeological excavations in the pre-Qin period, this paper analyzes the cultural connotations of the witch doctors, and combs the historical evolution track of the separation of the witchdoctors from the same origin in the pre-Qin period. Textual research on the basic techniques and cultural activities of the witch doctors in the pre-Qin Dynasty. In the course of the study, the background of the pre-Qin period is deeply restored, and the phenomenon of witchdoctors and witch-doctor culture in the pre-Qin period is systematically analyzed and discussed from the perspective of literature. The first chapter makes a textual research on the word "witch" from the source of characters, and examines the special position of witches and witchcraft in Chinese culture. Primitive religion and backward productive forces gave birth to the communication between heaven and man and the group of ghosts and gods. They were responsible for sacrifice, divination, history recording, medical treatment and so on, which was an important force to promote the development of society. In addition, witch culture also has an important impact on the development of literature. The second chapter, based on the literature, studies the relationship between witches and doctors, and outlines the evolution process of witch doctors. Before the Western Zhou Dynasty, the witch doctor was originally homologous. In the Western Zhou Dynasty, the professional medical officer was set up. Since then, medicine has been developed through the construction of a system scientific medical system, while the witch doctor has declined because of the decline of the concept of "worship of ghosts and gods". There is also a group of lifelike images of "witch doctors" in literary classics. Through the changes of their functions, we can also explore the development and changes of the relationship between doctors and witches. The third chapter explores the cognition and treatment of pathology by the pre-Qin witch doctors. The preQin witch doctors' cognition of the pathogenic factors has a strong primitive religious color. The inducement of the disease is usually attributed to the factors such as the stealthy spirits, the falling diseases of the emperor and the climate war, etc. However, the means of diagnosis and treatment are different from the methods of superstition and science. These techniques have a long history and have made great contributions to the development of medicine in ancient China, especially in the pre-Qin period.
【学位授予单位】：青岛大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：R2-09;K22

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