汉武帝太子据施行巫蛊事述说

发布时间：2018-06-27 22:44

本文选题：西汉 + 汉武帝　；参考：《华中师范大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2016年03期

【摘要】：在西汉时期所谓巫蛊之祸这一事变当中,汉武帝太子刘据,因巫蛊事发而不得不发兵反叛,最终兵败自杀。后世学者,论及此事,多谓此事纯粹出于江充陷害,太子据并未行用巫蛊。前此我撰著《制造汉武帝》,提到太子据应是确实施行了这一巫术,很多读者以为拙说不能成立。本文就是在此前研究的基础上,进一步详细阐述我对这一问题的思索,以供认真关心这一事件的学者或历史爱好者参考。文章首先指出,在西汉时期,只要不以天子为祝诅对象,巫蛊并不违法;《汉书》客观记载了从太子据宫中掘得桐木偶人这一基本事实;所谓江充之奸,不过充分利用了汉武帝因求长生而无法容忍他人对其施行巫蛊的心理,从而达到清除太子据的目的,而汉武帝后来对这一事件的"感悟",不过是意识到他自己流露出来的更换太子的意图,是促成巫蛊之变的重要原因。然而,不仅汉武帝,甚至直至汉宣帝时期的西汉朝廷,一直认定太子据犯有对天子行用巫蛊的罪过。
[Abstract]:In the Western Han Dynasty, the so-called witchcraft disaster, Emperor Liu, because of witchcraft and rebellion, eventually defeated suicide. Later scholars, when it came to this matter, said it was purely due to Jiangchong frame, the prince did not use witchcraft. Earlier, I wrote making Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, referring to the fact that the Prince actually carried out this witchcraft. Many readers thought that this theory could not be justified. On the basis of previous research, this paper further elaborates my thoughts on this issue for the reference of scholars or history lovers who are seriously concerned about this issue. The article first points out that in the Western Han Dynasty, witchcraft was not illegal as long as the son of Heaven was not regarded as the object of the curse; the book of the Han Dynasty objectively recorded the basic fact that the Paulownia puppet had been excavated from the prince according to the palace. However, he made full use of the psychology that Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty could not tolerate other people's witchcraft on him because he wanted to live for a long time, so as to achieve the purpose of purging the princes. However, Emperor Wu's later "perception" of the incident was only to realize that his own intention to change the prince was an important reason for the change of witchcraft. However, not only the Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, even the Western Han Dynasty court until the Han Dynasty Xuandi period, always believed that the Prince was guilty of the crime of using witchcraft against the emperor.
【作者单位】：北京大学历史学系;
【基金】：国家哲学社会基金重大项目“中国历史农业地理研究与地图绘制”(13&ZD082)
【分类号】：K234.1

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