9-13世纪山会平原水环境与水利系统演变

发布时间：2018-07-01 12:19

  本文选题：海塘构建 + 鉴湖水利　； 参考：《中国历史地理论丛》2016年03期

【摘要】：唐代山会平原东部的东江塘构建改变了平原内河东出水流环境,平原积水向北部汇聚,后凿玉山置朱储斗门以泄水;北宋将斗门扩建为玉山闸,使北部灌溉能力极大提升,平原对鉴湖蓄水灌溉依赖减弱。南宋山阴北海塘最终构筑,西小江东出河道逐步固定,平原北部形成新的积水区,一些范围较大的积水区后期发育成湖泊,也分担鉴湖灌溉功能。北宋以后湖田化最终导致以鉴湖为中心的斗门水利系统废弃,湖水排入内河,原鉴湖低地积水,则通过堰来维持湖田区的农田灌溉及航运。唐宋海塘构建引起的水文生态变化推动着水利系统演变。
[Abstract]:The construction of Dongjiang Pond in the eastern part of the Shanhui Plain in the Tang Dynasty changed the water flow environment in the east of the Plain, where the water accumulated to the north, and then the jade mountain was dug into the Zhu Shou Gate to drain water. The Northern Song Dynasty expanded the Doumen Gate into a Yushan Gate, which greatly enhanced the irrigation capacity of the north. The plain is less dependent on Jianhu water storage irrigation. Finally, the Beihai pond in Shanyin of the Southern Song Dynasty was constructed, and the west small river was gradually fixed, and a new water accumulation area was formed in the north of the plain. Some of the larger hydrops developed into lakes at the later stage, which also shared the irrigation function of Jianhu Lake. After the Northern Song Dynasty, the lacustralization eventually led to the abandonment of Doumen water conservancy system centered on Jianhu Lake, the drainage of lake water into inland rivers, and the maintenance of farmland irrigation and shipping by Weir in the former Jianhu lowland. The hydrological and ecological changes caused by the construction of seawall in Tang and Song dynasties promote the evolution of water conservancy system.
【作者单位】： 复旦大学历史地理研究中心;
【基金】：国家重大社会科学基金项目“宋代以来长江三角洲环境变迁史研究”(09&ZD068) 上海市浦江人才计划项目(2015)“浙东海塘的时空过程与环境、社会影响研究(宋—清)”(15PJC010)
【分类号】：K207
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本文编号：2087760