为于连一辩——兼谈对中国古代文化的阐释立场与方法问题

发布时间：2018-07-08 14:02

本文选题：于连 + 中国古代思想　；参考：《中国图书评论》2008年06期

【摘要】：毕来德先生在一封私函中,谈及我在本栏目上期的"主持人语"中对他的思想立场的介绍("欧洲的地方性被表述为一种普适性"等语)不甚符合其在《驳于连》中所欲表达的观点。我承认自己对毕来德先生的立场有臆测的成分,也在此向他表示歉意。不过主要还是因为《驳于连》在批评于连将传统中国描述为一个全然不同于西方的、没有王权的专断、没有权力的滥用的"哲学中国"时,所努力证明的不同观点:"我们心目中的‘中国文化’在总体上与帝国的专制主义联系在一起。它是为了阻挡‘个人’的出现而构想出来的,必须就此来评判。""中国"当然不是于连笔下的形象,所以毕来德先生的批评很有意义。但毕来德先生笔下的"中国"是否就恰如其分?二位都使用了全称判断,将一种高度复杂并且充满异质的文化分别表述为田园诗和阴谋剧,前者从中国文化中抽掉了权力,文化变成了个人的冥思,而后者将中国文化大体等同于权力,它围绕帝国的统治构建起来并为帝国提供合法性。文化的用途不止如此。欧洲启蒙思想家带给我们一种关于制度的道德评判,但我们在谨慎地保持一种道德评判的同时,还须从历史主义的角度去思考制度,即一种制度的合法与否在于它能否带来与其社会特殊状况相适宜的社会管理。此外,"文化",不仅仅指形诸竹帛的书籍,也包括个人内在的思想、体验和情感,而这是任何制度都无法加以监控的领域。程巍
[Abstract]:In a personal letter, Mr. Bildt, My introduction of his ideological position in this issue of the Host's speech ("European locality is expressed as a kind of universality") does not quite accord with his point of view in "refuting even". I confess to being speculative about Mr. Bilder's position, and I apologize to him. But mainly because Lian criticized Lien for describing traditional China as a "philosophical China" completely different from the West, free from Wang Quan arbitrariness and without abuse of power. Try to prove the different point of view: "our idea of 'Chinese culture' is generally associated with imperial autocracy. It was conceived to block the emergence of the 'individual' and must be judged. " China, of course, is not the image of Lian, so Mr Bildt's criticism makes sense. But is Mr Bildt's "China" just right? Both use full name judgment, describing a highly complex and heterogeneous culture as idyllic poetry and conspiracy drama, which removes power from Chinese culture and turns culture into individual meditation. The latter equates Chinese culture with power, which is built around the rule of the Empire and provides legitimacy to the Empire. Culture is more than that. The European Enlightenment thinkers gave us a moral judgment on institutions, but while we were careful to maintain a moral judgment, we had to think about the system from the perspective of historicism. Whether a system is legal or not depends on whether it can bring about social management suitable to its special social conditions. In addition, "culture", not only refers to the form of bamboo and silk books, but also includes the personal inner thought, experience and emotion, which is an area that no system can monitor. Cheng Wei
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【分类号】：K207.8

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