汉代大将军文职化问题考论
发布时间：2018-09-05 06:00
【摘要】：汉代在国家相对稳定之时,出现了由文官担任武职大将军的现象,即大将军文职化现象。文职大将军与之前的武职大将军职能上截然不同,其主要职责是辅佐君主,统领朝政。据统计,文职化大将军占汉代大将军总数近三分之一,具有一定的代表性。文职大将军的出现与当时的社会背景有很大关系。至汉代,从官员的设置上看,已形成了完备的文武职官员,文武分职形成。但在具体官员任用过程中,文官可以任武将,武将也可以任文职,文武合一。所以,汉代政局稳定之后,任用文官治理天下,出现了以文代武的趋势。同时,鉴于当时三公力量强大,尤其是丞相,因而也是弱化三公的政治要求。此外,文职大将军的出现也与其个人特殊身份有关。汉代文职大将军皆带有外戚身份,因此也是外戚与皇权特殊关系的产物。任何事物都是历史发展到一定阶段的产物,同时,也会对历史产生影响。文职任大将军,对汉代军事、权力结构甚至后代均产生了不同影响。由于特殊的外戚身份,他们仗势为所欲为,导致宦官不满,外戚宦官争权也使太学生不满,又引起了党锢之祸,最终也为汉代走向灭亡埋下伏笔。后代统治者,鉴于汉亡的惨痛教训,均会适当做出调整。
[Abstract]:In the Han Dynasty, when the country was relatively stable, there appeared the phenomenon that civil servants served as military generals, that is, the general was civilian. The chief duty of the civilian general is to assist the monarch and lead the government. According to statistics, civilian generals accounted for nearly 1/3 Han Dynasty generals, with a certain representation. The emergence of a civilian general had a lot to do with the social background at that time. To the Han Dynasty, from the setting of officials, has formed a complete civil and military officials, the formation of civil and military division. However, in the process of appointing specific officials, civil servants can be generals, generals can also be civilians, civil and military integration. Therefore, after the political stability of the Han Dynasty, civil servants were appointed to govern the world. At the same time, in view of the powerful power of the three public, especially the prime minister, it was also the political requirement to weaken the three public affairs. In addition, the emergence of civilian generals is also related to their special personal identity. The civilian generals of Han Dynasty all had the status of foreign relatives, so they were also the product of the special relationship between foreign relatives and imperial power. Anything is the product of historical development to a certain stage, but also has an impact on history. The civilian general had different influences on the Han military, power structure and even future generations. Because of their special status of foreign relatives, they did whatever they wanted, which led to the dissatisfaction of eunuchs, the power of foreign eunuchs also made too many students discontented, which also caused the calamity of the Party's imprisonment, and finally laid the groundwork for the end of the Han Dynasty. Future generations of rulers, in view of the tragic lessons of the Han Dynasty, will make appropriate adjustments.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：K234
本文编号：2223407
[Abstract]:In the Han Dynasty, when the country was relatively stable, there appeared the phenomenon that civil servants served as military generals, that is, the general was civilian. The chief duty of the civilian general is to assist the monarch and lead the government. According to statistics, civilian generals accounted for nearly 1/3 Han Dynasty generals, with a certain representation. The emergence of a civilian general had a lot to do with the social background at that time. To the Han Dynasty, from the setting of officials, has formed a complete civil and military officials, the formation of civil and military division. However, in the process of appointing specific officials, civil servants can be generals, generals can also be civilians, civil and military integration. Therefore, after the political stability of the Han Dynasty, civil servants were appointed to govern the world. At the same time, in view of the powerful power of the three public, especially the prime minister, it was also the political requirement to weaken the three public affairs. In addition, the emergence of civilian generals is also related to their special personal identity. The civilian generals of Han Dynasty all had the status of foreign relatives, so they were also the product of the special relationship between foreign relatives and imperial power. Anything is the product of historical development to a certain stage, but also has an impact on history. The civilian general had different influences on the Han military, power structure and even future generations. Because of their special status of foreign relatives, they did whatever they wanted, which led to the dissatisfaction of eunuchs, the power of foreign eunuchs also made too many students discontented, which also caused the calamity of the Party's imprisonment, and finally laid the groundwork for the end of the Han Dynasty. Future generations of rulers, in view of the tragic lessons of the Han Dynasty, will make appropriate adjustments.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：K234
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1 陈春梅;汉代大将军文职化问题考论[D];江西师范大学;2016年
，本文编号：2223407
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