万历三十六年江南水灾、粮食危机与社会应对
发布时间：2019-08-07 16:42
【摘要】：万历三十六年江南水灾,持续时间长、波及范围广、破坏层级高,时人视为"二百年来未有之灾",是晚明江南最为严重的水灾之一,然清官修《明史·五行志》对此却漏载。此次水灾,致使江南广大区域粮食生产严重受损、抢米之变屡屡发生,形成严重的农业困境与粮食危机。为应对水灾,明政府实施了官方蠲赈,社会也积极应对,出现了作物补种引种的高潮、催生了荒政史籍的集中出现。然而,由于神宗怠政,政治昏暗;财力俱竭,公私交困;效率低下,蠲赈难求;水利废弛,隐患难消等原因,水灾应对既无力又无奈,折射出明王朝全面衰落的历史事实。
[Abstract]:In the 36 years of Wanli, the flood in the south of the Yangtze River lasted for a long time, spread a wide range, and had a high level of destruction. It was regarded as "a disaster that has not occurred in the past two hundred years." it was one of the most serious floods in the south of the Yangtze River in the late Ming Dynasty. The flood caused serious damage to grain production in the vast areas of the south of the Yangtze River, and rice grabbing occurred repeatedly, resulting in serious agricultural predicament and food crisis. In order to deal with the flood, the Ming government implemented the official relief, the society also actively responded to it, there appeared the climax of crop replanting and introduction, and gave birth to the concentration of historical records of desolation. However, due to the idleness of Shenzong, the dim politics, the exhaustion of financial resources, the difficulties of public and private affairs, the low efficiency, the difficulty of relief, the waste of water conservancy and the difficulty of eliminating hidden dangers, the flood response was both powerless and helpless, reflecting the historical fact that the Ming Dynasty had declined in an all-round way.
【作者单位】： 河南师范大学;
【基金】：2013年教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“明清时期华北平原粮食种植结构变迁研究”(13YJC770026) 2015年河南省社会科学规划项目“唐宋时期华北平原粮食种植结构变迁研究”(2015BLS023)阶段性成果
【分类号】：K248.3
，
本文编号：2524065
[Abstract]:In the 36 years of Wanli, the flood in the south of the Yangtze River lasted for a long time, spread a wide range, and had a high level of destruction. It was regarded as "a disaster that has not occurred in the past two hundred years." it was one of the most serious floods in the south of the Yangtze River in the late Ming Dynasty. The flood caused serious damage to grain production in the vast areas of the south of the Yangtze River, and rice grabbing occurred repeatedly, resulting in serious agricultural predicament and food crisis. In order to deal with the flood, the Ming government implemented the official relief, the society also actively responded to it, there appeared the climax of crop replanting and introduction, and gave birth to the concentration of historical records of desolation. However, due to the idleness of Shenzong, the dim politics, the exhaustion of financial resources, the difficulties of public and private affairs, the low efficiency, the difficulty of relief, the waste of water conservancy and the difficulty of eliminating hidden dangers, the flood response was both powerless and helpless, reflecting the historical fact that the Ming Dynasty had declined in an all-round way.
【作者单位】： 河南师范大学;
【基金】：2013年教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“明清时期华北平原粮食种植结构变迁研究”(13YJC770026) 2015年河南省社会科学规划项目“唐宋时期华北平原粮食种植结构变迁研究”(2015BLS023)阶段性成果
【分类号】：K248.3
，
本文编号：2524065
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