秋季秸秆焚烧对京津冀地区霾污染过程的影响分析

发布时间：2017-12-26 16:33

本文关键词：秋季秸秆焚烧对京津冀地区霾污染过程的影响分析　出处：《中国环境科学》2017年08期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：以2016年10月份京津冀地区一次持续5d(10月12~16日)的严重污染过程为例,综合卫星数据、污染物地面监测站点数据、气溶胶地基观测数据以及气象数据,分析山东、河南、山西等周边地区的秸秆焚烧对京津冀霾天气的影响.研究表明,京津冀地区污染时期的CALIPSO(Cloud-Aerosols Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations,云-气溶胶激光雷达和红外探测卫星)气溶胶组分含有大量煤烟型气溶胶,AERONET(AEROsol robotic NETwork)Beijing站观测数据显示13日气溶胶体积数浓度谱呈现双峰分布,细粒子峰值半径为0.33μm,峰值体积浓度为0.145μm~3/μm~2.14日气溶胶谱基本呈现单峰分布,细粒子占主导地位,体积浓度达到0.34μm~3/μm2.污染物地面监测站点数据显示PM2.5、CO和SO_2浓度均显著增加,峰值浓度分别为339μg/m~3、2mg/m~3、20μg/m~3;CO、PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)与秸秆焚烧火点数量之间的相关系数分别为0.65、0.79和0.68,说明本次污染与周边地区的秸秆焚烧的污染物传输有关.HYPLIST(Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory Model,拉格朗日混合单粒子轨道模型)后向轨迹分析表明,14日到达京津冀地区的气团均经过秸秆焚烧地区,气团中会携带大量秸秆焚烧产生的污染气体和颗粒物,加重京津冀地区地区霾污染过程.此外,污染过程中地面风场较弱,以静小风为主,平均风速1m/s,不利于污染物扩散和稀释;底层大气湿度较大,平均相对湿度77.8%,高湿的大气环境促进了气溶胶吸湿增长和污染物聚集,导致污染加剧;大气稳定度高,对流运动较弱,稳定的大气条件不利于污染物扩散,使得污染过程延长.因此,本次重污染天气归因于自然和人为因素共同作用的结果,即人为秸秆焚烧导致的本地污染源排放和传输、机动车尾气等本地污染物、京津冀地区的静稳大气和近地面丰富的大气水汽共同作用的结果.
[Abstract]:In 2016 October, the Beijing Tianjin Hebei region of a continuous 5D (12~16 October) the serious pollution process as an example, the integrated satellite data and ground monitoring site data, pollutant aerosol observation data and meteorological data, analysis on the influence of Beijing Tianjin Hebei, Shandong haze weather burning Henan, Shanxi and other surrounding areas of the straw. The study shows that the pollution during the period of the Beijing Tianjin Hebei region CALIPSO (Cloud-Aerosols Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations, the cloud aerosol lidar and infrared detection satellite) aerosol component contains a large number of soot aerosol, AERONET (AEROsol robotic NETwork) Beijing display station observation data on 13 aerosol volume number concentration spectrum showing the distribution of Shuangfeng, fine particle peak radius is 0.33 m, the peak volume concentration of 0.145 mu m~3/ mu m~2.14 aerosol showed unimodal distribution, fine particles are dominant, body Product concentration reached 0.34 mu m~3/ mu m2. ground pollutants monitoring station data of PM2.5, CO and SO_2 were significantly increased, the peak concentrations were 339 g/m~3, 20 2mg/m~3, g/m~3, CO; PM_ (10), PM_ (2.5) and the correlation coefficient between the straw burning fire point number were 0.65, 0.79 and 0.68, the.HYPLIST of the burning pollution and the surrounding area of straw (Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian transport Integrated Trajectory Model Lagrange, the hybrid single particle trajectory model) back trajectory analysis showed that the 14 day to the Beijing Tianjin Hebei region mass after straw burning area, polluting gases and particles carrying large amounts of incineration straw gas, increase the Beijing Tianjin Hebei region area haze pollution process. In addition, in the process of pollution of surface wind is weak, mainly by the static wind, average wind speed 1m/s, unfavorable to pollutant dispersion and Dilution; lower atmosphere humidity, average relative humidity of 77.8%, the atmospheric environment to promote the accumulation of high wet aerosol hygroscopic growth and pollutants, leading to increased pollution; atmospheric stability, weak convection, stable atmospheric condition is not conducive to the spread of pollutants, the pollution process is prolonged. Therefore, this heavily polluted weather due to natural and human factors, namely the interaction of straw burning steady atmospheric lead local pollutant emission and transmission, vehicle exhaust and other pollutants, the Beijing Tianjin Hebei region and near ground air vapor rich results.
【作者单位】：山东科技大学测绘科学与工程学院;中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所遥感科学国家重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(41501373) 北京市科技计划(Z161100001116013) 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所所长基金(Y5SJ0700CX)
【分类号】：X513
【正文快照】： 2.中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所,遥感科学国家重点实验室,北京100101)根据国际气象组织的明确规定:霾被定义为日均能见度小于10km,日均相对湿度小于80%,并排除降水等其他能导致低能见度时的大气灰霾的日子(WMO,2005).近些年,随着我国经济社会发展,城市化水平的提高,工业污

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