新型淋滤式复合湿地对低碳氮比河水深度净化研究

发布时间：2017-12-27 20:38

本文关键词：新型淋滤式复合湿地对低碳氮比河水深度净化研究　出处：《合肥工业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：为了研究低污染城市河流深度净化工艺,以合肥塘西河庐州大道坝河水为处理对象,建成了塘西河人工湿地中试工程,包括淋滤式叠加湿地与河滩湿地两个工艺单元。2015年8月底至2016年5月对淋滤式叠加湿地和河滩湿地各级出水进行了连续监测,主要分析工艺各单元对氮、磷、COD_(Cr)等污染物的去除效果,针对由于碳源不足造成脱氮效果不好的情况,进行缓释碳源材料的筛选,分析释碳性能及溶解有机质的种类,并通过模拟柱实验进一步测试材料的反硝化效果,主要研究结果如下:(1)根据塘西河中试工程的监测结果,在平均温度不低于10℃的条件下,淋滤式叠加湿地+河滩湿地净化系统表现出了较好的去除效果,出水稳定,对TN、NH4+-N、TP、COD_(Cr)和叶绿素a的去除率分别为61.09%、90.58%、58.81%、33.23%和70.26%。其中TP平均出水浓度均在0.3 mg/L以下,COD_(Cr)平均出水浓度在30mg/L以下,优于《地表水环境质量标准》(GB3838-2002)Ⅳ类标准;(2)淋滤式叠加湿地和河滩湿地两个净化单元对不同污染指标的去除效果不同,除温度较低的12、1、2月份外,TN、NH4+-N和TP的去除主要在河滩湿地单元,其对TN、NH4+-N和TP削减的净化率分别占总净化率的89.9%、57.1%和81.5%;该湿地系统对COD_(Cr)和叶绿素a的削减净化则主要在叠加湿地单元,该单元净化率分别占总净化率的69.7%和59.50%;(3)选择果壳、PCL(聚己内酯)、PLA(聚乳酸)、泥炭这四种材料,其反硝化碳源的释碳能力顺序为:果壳PCL泥炭土PLA,稳定后的DOC浓度分别为:94.93 mg/L、66.13 mg/L、16.33 mg/L、33.73 mg/L;对比四种碳源材料的三维荧光光谱图可以看出,果壳和泥炭土的光谱中各峰的峰值强度明显高于PCL和PLA。四种材料类腐殖质、类蛋白物质、类富里酸类物质、微生物代谢产物类物质浸出比重排序分别为:泥炭土PLA果壳PCL;PLA果壳PLA泥炭土;PLA泥炭土PCL果壳;果壳PCLPLA泥炭土;(4)对四种碳源材料模拟柱实验进行反硝化效果研究,发现在平均温度25.3℃,进水NO3-浓度为4.60±1.08 mg/L,果壳、PCL、PLA、泥炭NO3-平均出水浓度为0.09 mg/L、0.13 mg/L、3.95 mg/L、3.36 mg/L,平均去除率分别为97.84%、97.02%、12.82%、30.08%;扫描电镜分析显示,果壳材料表面的微生物量从距进水端100mm到700 mm递减,到700 mm之后的材料表面基本与实验前的材料表面形态差别不大,PCL从距进水端100 mm到700 mm处均能观察到材料表面的缝隙和空洞,说明填料层挂膜比较完全。
[Abstract]:In order to study the depth of purification process of low pollution in Hefei city river, Tangxi River river dam Luzhou Avenue as the processing object, and built a test project of Tangxi River in artificial wetlands, including wetland and flood wetland type superposition leaching process unit two. At the end of August 2015 to May 2016 of the continuous monitoring of the leaching type wetland and riverine wetland water levels of superposition, the main analysis process of each unit of nitrogen and phosphorus, COD_ (Cr) removal of pollutants such as carbon source, due to lack of nitrogen removal effect is not good, screening carbon source material, analysis of species carbon release properties and dissolved organic matter, and through the simulation experiments to further test the effect of denitrification column material. The main results are as follows: (1) according to the monitoring results of the project of Tangxi River, where the average temperature is not lower than 10 DEG C under the condition of leaching type wetland and flood wetland purification system superposition show the removal effect, good water stability, TN, NH4+-N, TP, COD_ (Cr) and chlorophyll a removal rate were 61.09%, 90.58%, 58.81%, 33.23% and 70.26%. The TP average effluent concentration was below 0.3 mg/L, COD_ (Cr) the average effluent concentration below 30mg/L, surface water environmental quality standard "(GB3838-2002) is better than the standards of grade IV; (2) different leaching type superposition of wetland and riverine wetland removal two purification unit of different pollution index, in addition to the low temperature the 12, 1 and February, mainly in the removal of riverine wetland unit TN, NH4+-N and TP, the TN, NH4+-N and TP cut the purifying rate respectively of the total removal rate 89.9%, 57.1% and 81.5%; the wetland system on COD_ (Cr) and chlorophyll a reduction is mainly in the superposition of Wetland purification the unit, the unit purification rate respectively of the total removal rate of 69.7% and 59.50%; (3) choose PCL (shell, polycaprolactone), PLA (poly lactic acid), peat of the four materials, the denitrification carbon source carbon release ability of order: shell PCL peat PLA, DOC concentration in the stable are as follows: 94. 93 mg/L, 66.13 mg/L, 16.33 mg/L and 33.73 mg/L; compared with the three dimensional fluorescence spectra of four kinds of carbon source materials, we can see that the peak intensity of each peak in the spectrum of shell and peat soil is obviously higher than that of PCL and PLA. Four kinds of materials such as humus, protein like materials, fulvic acids, microbial metabolic substances leaching proportion sorting respectively: peat PLA shell PCL PLA PLA shell; peat; peat soil PLA PCL shell; shell PCLPLA peat; (4) column simulation experiments for four kinds of carbon source materials research the denitrification effect found in the average temperature of 25.3 degrees Celsius, the influent NO3- concentration was 4.60 + 1.08 mg/L, PCL, PLA, shell, peat NO3- average effluent concentration of 0.09 mg/L, 0.13 mg/L, 3.95 mg/L, 3.36 mg/L, the average removal rates were 97.84%, 97.02%, 12.82%, 30.08%; scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that the shell material the surface of the water inlet end of microbial biomass from 100mm to 700 mm. The surface to 700 mm after the basic material and surface morphological differences before the experiment is PCL away from the inlet end of 100 mm to 700 mm were observed in the material surface crack Gap and cavity, indicating that the packing layer is more complete.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X52

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