流域尺度非点源总氮输出系数改进模型的应用

发布时间：2017-12-28 12:07

本文关键词：流域尺度非点源总氮输出系数改进模型的应用　出处：《农业工程学报》2017年18期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：非点源态氮流失是地表水体水质恶化的重要因素,引发水体富营养化等一系列水环境问题。而准确评估流域内非点源总氮的负荷及分布和影响因素是流域综合管理的必要前提。该研究提出了一个综合考虑产污强度、降雨径流、土壤水分下渗和流域下垫面植被景观截留等作用的氮输出系数模型,将其应用于密云水库潮河流域,并结合流域实测水质数据对构建的模型结果进行验证。在此基础上,识别了流域总氮关键源区,利用增强回归树模型确定了总氮流失的关键影响因子。主要结论:1)与实测总氮负荷相比,改进输出系数模型模拟精度(相对误差8.23%)明显高于传统输出系数模型(相对误差18.94%);2)总氮关键源区主要分布于潮河中上游干流西侧和下游干流两侧区域,从行政区划来看主要位于丰宁满族自治县(大阁镇、黑山嘴镇)与滦平县(虎什哈镇和巴克什营)与密云区(高岭镇、古北口镇和太师屯镇);总氮关键源区具有明显的南高北低,沿河分布的特征;3)人为因素是潮河流域总氮流失的主要影响因素,其中,氮肥施用(54.74%)、畜禽养殖(17.48%)和坡度(16.35%)此3个对潮河流域总氮流失影响最大。该研究可为潮河流域水环境综合调控和氮污染精准管控提供科学依据。
[Abstract]:The loss of nitrogen in non point source state is an important factor for the deterioration of water quality in the surface of the surface, which leads to a series of water environment problems, such as eutrophication of water body. It is a necessary prerequisite for the comprehensive management of river basin to accurately assess the load, distribution and influence factors of the total nitrogen in the river basin. This research provides a nitrogen output coefficient model considering the pollution intensity, rainfall runoff, soil water infiltration and watershed underlying surface vegetation landscape interception function, its application in the Chaohe River Watershed of Miyun Reservoir watershed, combined with the measured data of water quality model results are verified. On this basis, the key source area of total nitrogen in the basin was identified, and the key influence factors of total nitrogen loss were determined by the enhanced regression tree model. The main conclusions: 1) compared with the measured total nitrogen load, improve the output of the model. The simulation accuracy (relative error 8.23%) was significantly higher than that of the traditional export coefficient model (relative error 18.94%); 2) the total nitrogen critical source areas are mainly distributed in the tidal river upstream and downstream of the two west side area, from the administrative divisions are mainly located in the Fengning Manchu Autonomous County (DA Ge Zhen, Heishanzui town) and Luanping county (hushiha town and Bakshi camp) and Miyun District (Gaoling Town, Gubeikou and Taishitunzhen); total nitrogen has obvious critical source areas of the North South low along the characteristics; 3) human factors are factors. The main effect of the total nitrogen loss in the Chao River Basin, n (54.74%), livestock (17.48%) and (16.35%) the 3 slope of Chao River Basin total nitrogen loss effect. The study can provide a scientific basis for the comprehensive control of water environment and the precise control of nitrogen pollution in the Chao River Basin.
【作者单位】：首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院;首都师范大学首都圈水环境研究中心;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41271495) 英国生物技术与生物科学研究会BBSRCC(BB/N013484/1)
【分类号】：X52
【正文快照】： 0引言氮素是生态系统中最为重要的营养元素之一,对维系全球农业生态系统生产力具有重要意义[1]。随着人类活动不断加剧,大量的氮素进入生物地球化学循环中,氮素不断富集是地下水、空气和土壤环境质量下降的重要原因[2-4]。因此,出于环境管理及规划的需要,有必要评估流域尺度氮

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