基于PSR的黄河河口区生态系统健康评价

发布时间：2017-12-31 20:16

本文关键词：基于PSR的黄河河口区生态系统健康评价　出处：《生态学报》2017年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：根据压力-状态-响应(PSR)框架模型,从广义上定义河口区生态系统,将河口及毗邻的陆域、海域生态系统作为一个整体,从压力指标、状态指标、响应指标3个方面构建了黄河河口区生态系统健康评价的指标体系,以研究区1991年数据和相关国家标准为基准,2013年代表现况,利用综合指数法(CEI)评价了黄河河口区的生态系统健康状况。结果显示:黄河河口区生态系统健康评价的响应指数最高(0.9055),压力指数居中(0.8288),状态指数最低(0.6458),综合指数为0.7427。总体来看,与1991年相比,目前黄河河口区生态系统仍处于"健康"状态,但健康状况明显下降,其中状态指数下降最为严重。从区域轻度开发到人类活动强烈干扰阶段,黄河河口区存在过度捕捞、湿地不合理开发、浅海养殖过度及污染物排放等一系列影响生态系统健康的问题,应进行区域的生态恢复和科学管理。
[Abstract]:According to the pressure-state-response model, the ecosystem of estuary and adjacent land and sea area is defined in a broad sense. The ecosystem of estuary and adjacent land and sea area is taken as a whole, and the index of pressure and state is given. The index system of ecosystem health assessment in Huanghe River Estuary was constructed from three aspects of response index. Based on the data of 1991 and relevant national standards in the study area, the present situation was represented in 2013. The ecosystem health status of the Yellow River estuary was evaluated by the comprehensive index method (CEI). The results showed that the response index of ecosystem health assessment in the Yellow River estuary was the highest (0.9055). The pressure index is in the middle of 0.8288, the state index is the lowest, and the comprehensive index is 0.7427. On the whole, it is compared with 1991. At present, the ecosystem of the Yellow River estuary is still in the state of "health", but the health situation is obviously declining, among which the decline of the state index is the most serious, from the mild development of the region to the stage of strong disturbance of human activities. There are a series of problems affecting ecosystem health such as overfishing, unreasonable exploitation of wetlands, excessive cultivation in shallow water and pollutant discharge in the estuary of the Yellow River. Ecological restoration and scientific management should be carried out in the region.
【作者单位】：中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所;农业部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室;山东省渔业资源与生态环境重点实验室;青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室;中国海洋大学水产学院;
【基金】：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303050) 黄海水产研究所级基本科研业务费(20603022013001) 国家自然基金委员会-山东省人民政府联合资助海洋科学研究中心项目(U1406403)
【分类号】：X826
【正文快照】： 河口是流域和海洋物质交换的主要通道,由于陆、海交互作用及强烈的人类干扰活动,河口区成为环境变化的敏感带和生态系统的脆弱带。河口生态系统健康评价作为区域生态环境评价的一种新方法,能够客观反映河口区生态系统的总体特征,并探索生态系统各个层次存在的问题和隐患[1],从

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