地下水污染风险评价中污染源荷载量化方法的对比分析

发布时间：2018-01-01 02:33

本文关键词：地下水污染风险评价中污染源荷载量化方法的对比分析　出处：《环境科学》2017年07期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：地下水污染风险评价是地下水资源保护和地下水污染防治区划的重要基础,其评价体系通常由污染源荷载、地下水脆弱性和地下水价值3个要素构成.由于污染源荷载量化方法的差异,必然存在对污染源基础信息的需求差异,以及对最终评价结果的影响未知等问题.为探讨污染源荷载量化方法对地下水污染风险评价的影响,本文选择具有代表性的评分指数法和定量指数法,以滹沱河冲洪积扇中尺度研究区为例,分别进行污染源荷载量化,耦合叠加相同的地下水脆弱性、地下水价值要素,进行地下水污染风险评价,并作对比分析.结果表明,两种方法得出的污染源荷载量化结果存在较大差异,风险评价的最终结果在风险数值特征及风险级别的空间分布上差异也比较显著,说明污染源荷载量化方法的选择对风险评价结果有重要影响;评分指数法适用于基础信息精度较低的大尺度评价区,方法简单,评价结果可靠性程度略低,定量指数法适用于基础信息精度高的中小尺度评价区,方法略复杂,但评价结果可靠性更高,反映出评价区的尺度效应对方法的选择有重要影响.
[Abstract]:Groundwater pollution risk assessment is an important basis for the protection of groundwater resources and groundwater pollution prevention and control division, its evaluation system usually load from pollution sources, a groundwater vulnerability and groundwater value of 3 elements. Because of the difference of pollution source load quantification method, there must be differences in demand on the pollution sources of basic information, as well as the impact on the final results of the evaluation unknown problems. To investigate the pollution source load quantification method of impact on groundwater pollution risk assessment, the score index and quantitative index representative, in the Hutuo River alluvial fan in the scale of study area as an example, the pollution source load were quantified, the same groundwater coupled superposition vulnerability factors the value of groundwater, groundwater pollution risk assessment, and make comparative analysis. The results showed that the pollution load of quantitative results obtained by the two methods are quite The final result difference, risk assessment of the difference in the spatial distribution characteristics and numerical risk level risk is also more significant, indicating that the evaluation of pollution source load quantification method for risk results have important influence; score index method for large scale assessment areas, based on the information of the low precision of the method is simple, less reliability evaluation results the quantitative index method, suitable for small and middle scale evaluation area based information accuracy, method is slightly complicated, but the evaluation results reflect the higher reliability, has an important influence the choice of scale effect evaluation of area method.

【作者单位】：中国地质大学(北京)水资源与环境工程北京市重点实验室;中煤科工集团唐山研究院有限公司矿山测量研究所;
【基金】：环境保护公益性行业科研专项(201409029-2,200909038-1)
【分类号】：X824
【正文快照】： 量研究所,唐山063012)地下水污染风险评价是地下水资源保护和地下水污染防治区划的重要手段,随着近来《全国地下水污染防治规划(2011~2020年)》的推行,地下水污染防治工作也日益紧迫.Morris等[1,2]指出地下水污染风险是指含水层中地下水由于其上人类活动导致遭受污染达到不可

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