荧光探针在小分子环境污染物检测中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-01-01 09:33

本文关键词：荧光探针在小分子环境污染物检测中的应用研究　出处：《青岛科技大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：荧光检测法成为近年来的研究热点,利用荧光探针检测环境水体、大气及土壤中的重金属离子的含量已得到广泛应用,该方法的优点主要体现在检测快速,操作简单、信号明显。本论文设计合成出两种类型荧光探针,可分别用于铅离子和三价铁离子的检测,具体内容如下:(1)以罗丹明6G荧光染料为母体,设计合成出新型有机荧光探针R1,并采用红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱、核磁共振碳谱、高分辨质谱及元素分析法对合成出的荧光探针进行了表征。该合成路线简单,产率高,实验条件温和,易于分离,且储存条件要求不高,温度保持在0-4℃即可。(2)荧光探针R1对水相中的铅离子具有很高的选择性和灵敏度,属于荧光增强型探针,铅离子的加入可使探针溶液颜色由亮黄色变为粉色,实现了对铅离子的可视化检测。其识别原理为Pb~(2+)诱导探针分子结构中内酰胺螺环打开,荧光由无到有,探针R1与Pb~(2+)1:1形式络合,在铅离子浓度范围为1.0×10-8-1.0×10-5mol L-1时荧光强度与铅离子浓度成线性相关,检出限为2.7×10-9mol L-1(S/N=3)。(3)利用化学共沉淀法制备出四氧化三铁纳米颗粒,制备的四氧化三铁颗粒为球形,大小约为50 nm,通过表面包敷和巯基乙酸处理实现对Fe_3O_4颗粒表面的功能化修饰,形成巯基乙酸修饰的四氧化三铁复合纳米颗粒,该复合颗粒可作为检测Fe3+的荧光探针,属于荧光淬灭型探针,颗粒表面的巯基络合Fe3+,致使其荧光强度降低,荧光强度在Fe3+浓度为5.0×10-6~7.0×10-5mol L-1范围内线性相关,其检出限为1.8×10-7 mol L-1。该巯基化四氧化三铁复合纳米颗粒合成方法简单,实验易操作且成本较低,作为三价铁离子荧光探针,具有良好的选择性和较高的灵敏度。
[Abstract]:Fluorescence detection method has become a hot research topic in recent years. Using fluorescent probe to detect heavy metal ions in environmental water, atmosphere and soil has been widely used. The advantages of this method are mainly reflected in rapid detection. In this paper, two types of fluorescent probes were designed and synthesized, which can be used for the detection of lead ion and trivalent iron ion respectively. The specific contents are as follows: 1) Rhodamine 6G fluorescent dye is used as the parent. A novel organic fluorescence probe R1 was designed and synthesized. The infrared spectra, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) carbon spectra were used. The synthesized fluorescent probe was characterized by high resolution mass spectrometry and elemental analysis. The synthetic route is simple, the yield is high, the experimental conditions are mild, the separation conditions are easy, and the storage conditions are not high. The fluorescence probe R1 has high selectivity and sensitivity to lead ions in aqueous phase, and is a fluorescence enhanced probe. The color of probe solution can be changed from bright yellow to pink with the addition of lead ion, and the visual detection of lead ion can be realized. The recognition principle is Pb~(2) to induce the opening of lactam snail ring in the molecular structure of probe. The fluorescence of the probe R1 is in the form of 1: 1 Pb~(2. The fluorescence intensity is linearly correlated with lead ion concentration when lead ion concentration ranges from 1.0 脳 10 ~ (-8) to 1.0 脳 10 ~ (-5) mol 路L ~ (-1). The detection limit is 2.7 脳 10 ~ (-9) mol / L ~ (-1) S / N _ (3) O _ (3). Fe _ 2O _ 3 nanoparticles were prepared by chemical coprecipitation, and the Fe _ 2O _ 3 nanoparticles were spherical. The surface of Fe_3O_4 particles was functionalized by surface encapsulation and thioglycolic acid treatment, and the modified Fe _ 2O _ 3 nanoparticles were formed by thioglycolic acid. The composite particle can be used as a fluorescence probe for detecting Fe3, which belongs to the fluorescence quenching type. The mercapto complex Fe3 on the surface of the particle decreases its fluorescence intensity. The fluorescence intensity was linearly correlated with the concentration of Fe3 in the range of 5.0 脳 10 ~ (-6) mol 路L ~ (-1) to 7.0 脳 10 ~ (-5) mol / L. The detection limit is 1.8 脳 10 ~ (-7) mol / L ~ (-1). The method is simple, easy to operate and low cost. It can be used as a fluorescence probe for trivalent iron ions. It has good selectivity and high sensitivity.
【学位授予单位】：青岛科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X830.2;O657.3

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