北京城区水体中PPCPs的分布特征及潜在风险

发布时间：2018-01-02 01:13

本文关键词：北京城区水体中PPCPs的分布特征及潜在风险　出处：《环境科学》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：采集北京城区河流34个表层水样和23个沉积物样品,采集后海、前海和西海这3个城市湖泊10个表层水样和5个沉积物样品,应用HPLC-MS/MS技术对表层水样及沉积物样品中10种药物及个人护理品(PPCPs)进行检测分析,发现河流表层水样和城市湖泊表层水样中PPCPs的浓度范围分别为N.D.~655 ng·L~(-1)和N.D.~252 ng·L~(-1).在河流表层水样中,10种PPCPs的检出率范围为0~100%,其中咖啡因的检出率为100%,磺胺甲唑、地尔硫卓和泰乐菌素均未检出;在湖泊表层水样中,10种PPCPs的检出率范围为0~100%,其中对乙酰氨基酚、林可霉素、咖啡因和阿奇霉素的检出率为100%,磺胺甲唑、地尔硫卓、泰乐菌素及卡马西平都未检出;河流沉积物和城市湖泊沉积物中PPCPs的含量范围分别为N.D.~1 709ng·g~(-1)和N.D.~35.9 ng·g~(-1),在河流表层沉积物中,10种PPCPs的检出率范围为4%~96%,其中甲氧苄啶的检出率最高,泰乐菌素的检出率最低;在湖泊表层沉积物中,10种PPCPs的检出率范围为0~100%,其中地尔硫卓的检出率最高,咖啡因、泰乐菌素和卡马西平均未检出.从各河流看,永定引水渠、凉水河、通惠河及坝河表层水体及沉积物中PPCPs的含量较高,永定河、昆玉河表层水体中PPCPs的含量较低.应用风险商值(RQ)模型评价北京城区各河流及湖泊表层水体与沉积物中PPCPs残留对生态环境的影响,发现北京城区河流及湖泊表层水体中的10种PPCPs的RQ值均低于0.1,对河流生态环境具有低风险.城区河流及湖泊沉积物中,对乙酰氨基酚对永定引水渠、通惠河及坝河底栖生态环境具有中等风险;林可霉素对永定引水渠、温榆河、通惠河、护城河、坝河、凉水河及后海底栖生态环境具有中等风险;甲氧苄啶对永定引水渠、清河、温榆河、通惠河、护城河、坝河、亮马河、凉水河及后海底栖生态环境具有中等风险;阿奇霉素对亮马河及凉水河底栖生态环境具有中等风险,对永定引水渠、清河、温榆河、通惠河、坝河及后海底栖生态环境具有高风险.
[Abstract]:Thirty-four surface water samples and 23 sediment samples were collected from rivers in Beijing, and 10 surface water samples and 5 sediment samples from three urban lakes, Houhai, Qianhai and Xihai. HPLC-MS/MS technique was used to detect and analyze 10 kinds of drugs and personal care products in surface water and sediment samples. It was found that the concentration ranges of PPCPs in the surface water samples of rivers and lakes were 655 ng 路L ~ (-1) and 252 ng 路L ~ (-1), respectively. In the surface water of a river. The detection rate of 10 kinds of PPCPs was 0 ~ 100. The detection rate of caffeine was 100. Sulfamethazol, diltiazol and tylosin were not detected. The detection rate of 10 kinds of PPCPs in the surface water of lake was 0 ~ 100. The detectable rate of paracetamol, lincomycin, caffeine and azithromycin was 100. Diltiazem, tylosin and carbamazepine were not detected. The range of PPCPs content in river sediments and urban lake sediments was 1709 ng 路g ~ (-1) and 35.9 ng 路g ~ (-1), respectively. The detectable range of 10 PPCPs species in the surface sediments of rivers was 40.96. The detection rate of trimethoprim was the highest, and that of tylosin was the lowest. The detection rate of 10 kinds of PPCPs in the surface sediments of lakes was 0 ~ 100, among which the highest was diltiazem, caffeine, tylosin and carbamazepine were not detected. The content of PPCPs in the surface water and sediment of Yongding diversion canal, Liangshui River, Tonghui River and Ba River is higher than that of Yongding River. The risk quotient (RQ) model was used to evaluate the effect of PPCPs residues in the surface water and sediment of rivers and lakes in Beijing on the ecological environment. It was found that the RQ values of 10 kinds of PPCPs in the surface water of rivers and lakes in Beijing were lower than 0.1, which had low risk to the ecological environment of rivers and lakes. Paracetamol has medium risk to the benthic ecological environment of Yongding diversion canal, Tonghui River and Ba River. Lincomycin has medium risk to Yongding diversion canal, Wenyu River, Tonghui River, moat, Ba River, Liangshui River and the back benthic ecological environment. Trimethoprim has medium risk to Yongding diversion canal, Qinghe River, Wenyu River, Tonghui River, Moat River, Ba River, Liangshui River, Liangshui River and post-benthic ecological environment. Azithromycin has medium risk to benthic ecological environment of Liangshui River and Liangshui River, and high risk to benthic ecological environment of Yongding diversion canal, Qinghe River, Wenyu River, Tonghui River, Ba River and back seabed.
【作者单位】：中国水利水电科学研究院;
【基金】：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07203-006) 北京市科技重点研发计划项目(Z171100000717010)
【分类号】：X52
【正文快照】： 药物及个人护理品(PPCPs)在人类和动物的疾病治疗及个人卫生方面的使用已经有很多年的历史,然而这类“新兴污染物”在近年来越来越受到人们的关注[1,2].PPCPs(如:药物、个人护理品、表面活性剂、显影剂等)在人类的日常生活、畜牧业养殖及水产养殖业中使用非常广泛,导致其广泛

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