煤炭开采对生态系统功能胁迫作用的系统动力学研究

发布时间：2018-01-02 23:21

本文关键词：煤炭开采对生态系统功能胁迫作用的系统动力学研究　出处：《合肥工业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：工业化以来,人类对煤炭资源的掠夺性开采造成了日益严峻的生态环境问题,严重影响煤炭资源型地区生态系统功能的健康发展。尽管目前关于矿产资源开采对区域生态系统功能的影响研究在国内外都非常多,但至今鲜有人对这些生态环境相对脆弱的矿产资源型地区的生态系统功能如何受矿产资源开采的胁迫作用进行较深透的研究分析。因此,研究煤炭开采对生态系统功能的胁迫作用具有重要的理论与现实意义。本文在系统梳理国内外关于煤炭开采对生态系统功能胁迫作用研究成果的基础上,深刻分析了煤炭开采如何对生态系统功能产生胁迫作用的发生,基于系统动力学方法构建了煤炭开采对生态系统功能胁迫作用模型,进而利用Vensim PLE软件模拟分析了5种不同情境下煤炭开采对生态系统功能的胁迫作用,最后以我国煤炭资源型城市—淮南市为例,进行典型案例研究,并结合研究结果提出了煤炭资源型地区生态系统功能可持续发展的对策建议。研究结果表明:(1)煤炭开采通过破坏生态系统结构、改变生态系统生境、干扰生态系统循环等3个方面对生态系统功能产生胁迫作用。(2)5种不同情境下煤炭开采对生态系统功能的胁迫作用是不同的,情境五(糟糕状态)情境四(停滞状态)情境三(一般状态)情境二(良性状态)情境一(理想状态)。政府在维持生态系统功能稳态中扮演着重要角色,生态治理投资是维护生态系统功能稳态发展的重要手段。当生态治理投资系数和煤炭开采技术投资系数的比值越大,煤炭开采对生态系统功能的胁迫作用越小,当比值为0时,生态系统功能系统和煤炭开采系统处于糟糕状态;当比值在(0,1)之间时,生态系统功能系统和煤炭开采系统处于一般状态;当比值为1时,生态系统功能系统和煤炭开采系统处于良性状态;当比值大于1时,生态系统功能系统和煤炭开采系统进入理想状态。(3)以淮南市为例进行典型案例分析表明,淮南市煤炭开采对生态系统功能的胁迫作用类似于情境三,生态系统功能处于一般状态,且系统动力学模型能通过有效性检验。
[Abstract]:Since industrialization, exploitation of coal resources predatory human caused increasingly severe environmental problems, seriously affected the healthy development of the ecological system of coal resource type area function. Although at present about the exploitation of mineral resources on regional ecosystem function influence research at home and abroad are very much, but how to ecosystem function of regional mineral resources so far few people on the ecological environment is relatively fragile by analyzing a deep stress of exploitation of mineral resources. Therefore, the research has important theoretical and practical significance of coal mining stress effects on ecosystem function. This paper combs the domestic and foreign research results on the effect of coal mining on the ecological system functions on the basis of stress, a profound analysis of the occurrence of coal mining to produce stress effects on ecosystem functions, based on system dynamics Method to build a coal mining model of ecosystem stress, and simulation analysis of 5 kinds of different situations of coal mining stress effect on ecosystem function by using Vensim PLE software, and finally to China's coal resources city - Huainan city as an example, typical case study, combined with the research results and puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions of function the sustainable development of the ecological system of coal resources area. The results show that: (1) coal mining through the destruction of ecosystem structure, ecological habitat change system, 3 aspects of ecosystem disturbance cycle stress effects on ecosystem function. (2) 5 different situations of coal mining stress on ecosystem function is different situations, five (bad) situation (stagnation) four three (general situation state) situation two (benign state) situations (ideal state). The government in maintaining ecological system Play an important role in the homeostasis of ecological governance, investment is an important means of maintaining ecosystem function steady development. When the ratio of ecological investment coefficient and coal mining technology investment coefficient is bigger, coal mining stress effects on ecosystem function is small, when the ratio is 0, the ecological system and coal mining the system in a state; when the ratio (0,1) between, ecosystem function system and coal mining system in normal state; when the ratio is 1, the ecosystem function system and coal mining system in a healthy state; when the ratio is more than 1, ecosystem function system and coal mining system into the ideal state. (3) in Huainan city as an example, the typical case analysis shows that Huainan coal mining stress effect on ecosystem function is similar to the situation three, ecosystem function in normal state, and the Department of The model of the kinetic model can be tested by the validity.

【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X171.1;F426.21

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