分级微纳米吸附材料的制备及其在水处理中的应用

发布时间：2018-01-04 01:32

本文关键词：分级微纳米吸附材料的制备及其在水处理中的应用　出处：《合肥工业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着核能和工业的迅速发展,重金属离子污染越来越严重,对人类的健康和生存造成了严重的威胁。因此研究如何将这些污染物从水体中去除具有重要意义。我们通过水热法合成以Fe3O4为内壳MnO2为外壳的空心球Fe3O4@MnO2,然后研究时间、温度、pH值、离子浓度等因素对U(VI)在Fe3O4@MnO2空心球上吸附的影响。通过对材料的表征,Fe3O4@MnO2空心球的比表面积为247.9m2/g、平均孔径为3.7nm。结果表明,吸附过程达到吸附平衡的时间很短;吸附效率最大达95%;温度、pH值、离子浓度是影响吸附的主要因素。吸附的数据用Langmuir,Freundlich,D-R三种吸附模型进行拟合,结果得出U(VI)在Fe3O4@MnO2空心球上吸附过程是自发的吸热过程。此外我们从稻壳中提取的多孔二氧化硅为硅源制备分层花状的金属硅酸盐(硅酸镁、硅酸锌、硅酸镍、硅酸钴)吸附剂和Ni/SiO2催化剂。制备的硅酸盐通过薄薄的纳米片相互联系在一起,具有高的比表面积和吸附性能。硅酸镁对Pb2+、四环素和U(VI)的最大吸附量达到了557.9,381.3,482.8mg/g。制备的Ni/SiO2催化剂颗粒小、分散性和稳定性好,具有良好的催化性能,催化对硝基苯酚只用了160s。这种制备方法原材料丰富,可以大规模的制备硅酸盐吸附剂,能够应用于污水处理中。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of nuclear energy and industry, heavy metal ion pollution is becoming more and more serious. Therefore, it is very important to study how to remove these pollutants from water body. We synthesize Fe3O4 as inner shell MnO2 by hydrothermal method. Cardiac Fe3O4@MnO2. Then the effects of time, temperature, pH value and ion concentration on the adsorption of Urovi on Fe3O4@MnO2 hollow spheres were studied. The specific surface area of Fe3O4@MnO2 hollow spheres is 247.9 m2 / g and the average pore size is 3.7 nm. The results show that the adsorption equilibrium time is very short. The maximum adsorption efficiency is 95%; The adsorption data were fitted by Langmuir-Freundlichl D-R model. The results show that the adsorption process of UVI on Fe3O4@MnO2 hollow spheres is a spontaneous endothermic process. In addition, porous silica extracted from rice husks is used as a silicon source to prepare layered flower-like metallic silicate. Magnesium silicate. Zinc silicate, Nickel silicate, Cobalt silicate) adsorbent and Ni/SiO2 catalyst. The maximum adsorption capacity of magnesium silicate for Pb2, tetracycline and UVI was 557.9% 381.3. 482.8 mg / g. The prepared Ni/SiO2 catalyst has small particle size, good dispersion and stability, and good catalytic performance. Catalytic p-nitrophenol is only used in 160 s. This preparation method is rich in raw materials and can be used in wastewater treatment for large-scale preparation of silicate adsorbent.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TQ424;X703

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