洱海底泥特性对七种沉水植物生长的影响

发布时间：2018-01-05 12:29

本文关键词：洱海底泥特性对七种沉水植物生长的影响?　出处：《水生生物学报》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：为研究洱海底泥特性对沉水植物生长的影响,采用不同比例洱海底泥与湖岸土壤掺混形成五种基质,并分别移栽苦草、黑藻、微齿眼子菜、马来眼子菜、光叶眼子菜、穿叶眼子菜和狐尾藻,进行为期70d的室外生长实验,结果表明不同基质对几种植物的影响具种间差异。(1)在基质为50%深层底泥+50%湖岸土壤(碳、氮、磷含量分别为31.59、0.334和0.095 mg/g)时,苦草、马来眼子菜和光叶眼子菜的株高最大;基质为100%深层底泥(碳、氮、磷含量分别为37.88、0.803和0.149 mg/g)时,黑藻、微齿眼子菜、穿叶眼子菜和狐尾藻的株高最大;(2)基质为100%深层底泥时,苦草、黑藻、微齿眼子菜、马来眼子菜和光叶眼子菜生物量增加最多且相对生长速率最大;基质为100%浅层底泥(碳、氮、磷含量分别为77.37、5.691和0.136 mg/g)时,穿叶眼子菜生物量增加最多,相对生长速率最大;狐尾藻在基质为50%浅层底泥+50%深层底泥(碳、氮、磷含量分别为49.27、2.005和0.131 mg/g)时生物量增加最多,相对生长速率最大;(3)基质为100%湖岸土壤(碳、氮、磷含量分别为22.06、0.327和0.231 mg/g)时,7种沉水植物均生长缓慢,生物量增加较少。综上所述,中营养底泥(碳、氮、磷含量分别为31.59—49.27、0.334—2.005和0.095—0.131 mg/g)更适合沉水植物生长,底泥中过高或过低营养都不利于沉水植物生长。
[Abstract]:In order to study the effect of sediment characteristics on the growth of submerged plants in Erhai Lake, five substrates were formed by mixing the sediment of Erhai Lake with the soil of the lake bank. The outdoor growth experiment was carried out for 70 days. The results showed that the effect of different substrates on several plants had interspecific difference. The substrate was 50% deep sediment and 50% lake shore soil (carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus contents were 31.59, respectively). At 0.334 and 0.095 mg / g, the highest plant height was found in Acanthopsis malayi and Elaeagnus malayi. When the substrate was 100% deep sediment (the contents of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus were 37.88 mg / g and 0.149 mg / g, respectively), the algae and the microphylla were found. The highest plant height was found in Elaeagnus truncatum and A. vulgaris. (2) when the substrate was 100% deep sediment, the biomass increased most and the relative growth rate was the largest in the three groups: Hydophyllum mongolicum, Chlorophyllum microphylla, Elaeagnus malayi and Elaeagnus auriculata. When the substrate was 100% shallow sediment (carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus contents were 77.37 mg / g and 0.136 mg / g, respectively), the biomass increased most and the relative growth rate was the highest. When the substrate was 50% shallow sediment and 50% deep sediment (carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus contents were 49.270.005 and 0.131mg / g respectively), the biomass increased the most. The relative growth rate is the highest; 3) when the substrate was 100% lakeshore soil (the contents of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus were 22.06 mg / g and 0.231 mg / g, respectively), the growth of seven submerged plants was slow. In conclusion, the contents of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in medium nutrient sediment were 31.59-49.27, respectively. 0.334-2.005 and 0.095-0.131 mg / g) were more suitable for submerged plant growth, but too high or too low nutrition in the sediment were not conducive to the growth of submerged plants.
【作者单位】：武汉大学资源与环境科学学院;中国科学院水生生物研究所东湖湖泊生态系统试验站;
【基金】：国家“十二五”水体污染控制与治理重大专项洱海项目第四课题(2012ZX07105-004)资助~~
【分类号】：X52;X173
【正文快照】： 水体富营养化已成为严峻的环境问题,受到了全世界的广泛关注。水体富营养化会使水质恶化,导致水生植被衰退乃至消亡,水生态系统遭到破坏,生物多样性降低,引发一系列生态环境问题。沉水植物不仅能够对水体和底泥中的氮、磷和难降解有机污染物进行吸收、转化,合成自身物质,对富

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