废金属切削液中的废水处理工艺的研究

发布时间：2018-01-08 02:28

本文关键词：废金属切削液中的废水处理工艺的研究　出处：《长春工业大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：冷却、润滑、清洗与防锈是切削液的主要功效。近年来,随着国家的发展,工业企业发展也较快,那么机械加工切削液的用量也在与日俱增,由切削液产生的工业废水量也在增加。废切削液中由于具有高含量的COD,组成成分也比较复杂,直接排放会对环境造成严重污染,废切削液处理成为了近年来比较棘手的问题。目前国内外对废切削液的处理也是方法各异,基本都采用单一的处理方法,很难达到国家排放标准。本文采用破乳-混凝-氧化-吸附联合法对废切削液处理,进行了两个实验,探究出水COD含量及去除率。在实验一中废切削液经过了KOH和正丁醇萃取蒸馏达到油水分离,油进行回收利用,水进一步处理,确定了适宜的混凝条件:在pH为7条件下,PFS加入量为11g/L,PAM加入量为500mg/L时;同时也确定了最佳的氧化条件:pH值在3时,H2O2的最佳用量为350ml/L,七水硫酸亚铁的质量为4g/L;用活性炭吸附时活性炭最佳投加量为15g/L,出水COD为27489mg/L,去除率为80.6%。由于初始COD较高,处理效果不太满意,故又进行了实验二。实验二是对原废切削液进行处理,在进行实验二的过程中,首先采用浓硫酸进行破乳,浓硫酸的适宜加入量为5ml/L;之后混凝,适宜的混凝条件为:在pH值为7时,加入聚合硫酸铁(PFS)1.8g/L,阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)50mg/L;混凝后进行氧化,确定了适宜的氧化条件:pH值为3时,加入七水硫酸亚铁7g/L,20min后加入30%的H2O2,适宜用量为70ml/L;氧化后再将pH值调为碱性,使3价铁离子以氢氧化铁的形式沉淀下来,氧化效果最佳;最后使用活性炭进行吸附处理,活性炭加入量为20g/L,COD去除率为92.2%,效果比较满意。
[Abstract]:Cooling, lubrication, cleaning and rust is the main effect of cutting fluid. In recent years, with the development of the country, the development of industrial enterprises is also faster, then the machining liquid dosage in industrial wastewater produced by grow with each passing day, cutting the amount of liquid is increased. With a high content of COD due to waste cutting fluid, composition it is more complex, will cause serious pollution to the environment directly discharged waste cutting fluid processing has been a knotty problem in recent years. At home and abroad to waste cutting fluid treatment is also different, basically with a single method, it is difficult to reach the national emission standard. This paper uses the demulsification coagulation oxidation adsorption combined method of treatment of waste cutting fluid, two experiments were conducted to explore and the removal rate of effluent COD content. Waste cutting fluid by KOH and n-butanol extraction distillation to oil-water separation in Experiment 1, the oil for recycling, Water for further processing, to determine the appropriate mix of condensing conditions: under the conditions of pH 7, PFS dosage was 11g/L, PAM dosage is 500mg/L; and determine the best oxidation conditions: pH value is 3, the best dosage of H2O2 was 350ml/L, the quality of seven water ferrous sulfate with 4g/L; activated carbon adsorption of activated carbon dosage was 15g/L, the effluent COD is 27489mg/L, the removal rate of 80.6%. due to higher COD, not satisfied with the treatment effect, so it is also carried out two experiments. Experiment two is to deal with the original waste cutting fluid, in experiment two, first using concentrated sulfuric acid suitable demulsification, adding 5ml/L concentrated sulfuric acid; after coagulation, the suitable coagulation conditions were as follows: when the pH value is 7, adding polymeric ferric sulfate (PFS) 1.8g/L, cationic polyacrylamide (PAM) 50mg/L; coagulation after oxidation, the optimum oxidation conditions were determined: the pH value was 3 seven, add water Ferrous sulfate 7g/L, 20min after adding 30% H2O2, the suitable dosage was 70ml/L; the pH value after oxidation to make alkaline, 3 valent iron ions in the form of ferric hydroxide precipitate, the oxidation effect is best; finally, using activated carbon adsorption treatment, the dosage of activated carbon is 20g/L, the removal rate of COD is 92.2%, the effect of satisfactory.

【学位授予单位】：长春工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：X76

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