2015年福州市大气颗粒物污染特征

发布时间：2018-01-10 19:13

本文关键词：2015年福州市大气颗粒物污染特征　出处：《环境科学研究》2017年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：为了解福州市大气颗粒物污染状况,利用中国环境监测总站发布的实时大气环境监测资料,结合气象资料和HYSPLIT4轨迹模式,分析了2015年福州市大气颗粒物污染特征和典型污染过程.结果表明:2015年福州市ρ(PM_(10))、ρ(PM_(2.5))年均值分别为55.8和29.2μg/m~3,均低于GB 3095—2012《环境空气质量标准》二级标准限值.颗粒物浓度季节性变化特征明显,表现为冬春季高、夏秋季低的变化特征.ρ(PM_(2.5))/ρ(PM_(10))为52%,普遍低于我国东部其他大中城市;日际变化明显,受混合层高度日变化和机动车排放的影响,呈双峰形态.ρ(PM_(2.5))/ρ(PM_(10))日变化趋势与ρ(PM_(10))日变化特征相反,即ρ(PM_(10))高时ρ(PM_(2.5))所占比例低,ρ(PM_(10))低时ρ(PM_(2.5))所占比例高,表明早晚高峰机动车排放所造成的颗粒物污染以粗颗粒物贡献为主.福州市颗粒物污染天气成因主要有"积累型"和"输送型"污染.2015年1月5—6日发生的污染过程,是在一次静稳、高湿天气形势下,本地排放的污染物在不利于扩散的气象条件下聚集、二次转化,导致颗粒物浓度升高、能见度降低.2015年1月17—19日的污染过程主要是北方污染物随冷空气输送南下,导致本地颗粒物浓度迅速升高、能见度迅速降低.研究显示,福州市PM_(10)和PM_(2.5)优良率较高,颗粒物污染主要发生于冬季,污染成因包括局地累积和区域输送.
[Abstract]:In order to understand the status of atmospheric particulate pollution in Fuzhou City, the real-time atmospheric environment monitoring data released by China Environmental Monitoring General Station, combined with meteorological data and HYSPLIT4 trajectory model, were used. The characteristics and typical pollution processes of atmospheric particulate matter in Fuzhou on 2015 were analyzed. The annual mean values of 蟻 -PMP _ (2.5) are 55.8 渭 g / m ~ (3) and 29.2 渭 g / m ~ (3), respectively. All of them are lower than the second class limit of the Standard of Ambient Air quality. The seasonal variation of particulate concentration is obvious, which is high in winter and spring. The variation characteristics of low in summer and autumn are: 蟻 _ PPM _ (2. 5) / 蟻 _ (P _ (P) P _ P _ (10)) is 52th, which is generally lower than that of other large and medium cities in the eastern part of China; The diurnal variation of the mixing layer height and the emission of motor vehicles are obvious in the daytime. The trend of diurnal variation is opposite to the diurnal variation of 蟻 PPM _ (10). That is to say, the proportion of 蟻 / PM1 / 10 is low when it is high, and the proportion is high when it is low (p / PM/ / / /)). The results show that the contribution of coarse particulate matter is the main factor caused by motor vehicle emission in the morning and evening, and the weather causes of particulate pollution in Fuzhou are mainly "accumulation" and "transport". Pollution. The pollution process that occurred from 5 to 6 January 2015. It is in the condition of static and stable, high humidity weather, the local emission of pollutants is not conducive to the diffusion of the weather conditions, secondary transformation, resulting in the concentration of particulate matter increased. The pollution process from 17 to 19 January 2015 is mainly caused by the northward pollutants flowing southward with the cold air leading to the rapid increase of local particulate concentration and the rapid decrease of visibility. In Fuzhou, the excellent and good rates of PMSP (10) and PMSP (2.5) are higher. The pollution of particulate matter mainly occurs in winter. The causes of pollution include local accumulation and regional transportation.
【作者单位】：福建省气象科学研究所;福建省气象台;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41461164007) 福建省自然科学基金项目(2016J05091) 福建省气象局青年科技专项(2016q01)
【分类号】：X513
【正文快照】： 当前,大气颗粒物(Particulate Metter,PM)已成为影响我国大中城市环境空气质量的重要污染物,对人体健康、大气环境和气候变化具有重要影响.大量流行病学研究表明,大气颗粒物可以对人体健康产生危害,主要表现在对心血管疾病、呼吸系统疾病、过敏症状的发病率和死亡率以及对疾病

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