中国工业环境规制强度的行业差异及收敛性研究

发布时间：2018-01-14 00:30

本文关键词：中国工业环境规制强度的行业差异及收敛性研究　出处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2017年10期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：针对不同行业环境规制强度的差异性,本文运用收敛理论研究了行业环境规制强度的敛散性。传统上利用单位成本或产出的污染治理费用表示的行业环境规制强度可能存在有偏性,本文基于单位污染排放的污染治理费用测算行业环境规制强度,利用Theil指数和收敛检验模型,分析了2001—2015年中国35个工业行业环境规制强度差异、收敛性质及收敛机制。研究发现:(1)一些行业的环境规制强度与其污染强度未表现出相应的强关联性。(2)中国工业行业环境规制强度差异呈现"M"型变化趋势,污染行业与清洁行业之间的环境规制强度差异呈现先发散后收敛的倒"U"型趋势。(3)泰尔指数及其分解还表明,污染行业内部的子行业间环境规制强度差异很大,且是造成工业行业环境规制强度差异的最主要来源。(4)工业行业环境规制强度存在较长时段的σ收敛和较短时长的俱乐部收敛的同时,还存在绝对β收敛和条件β收敛,即低规制行业向高规制行业看齐,不同行业环境规制强度向各自的稳态水平靠近,此外,污染行业环境规制强度收敛速度慢于清洁行业。(5)企业规模成长和市场化水平提升有利于促进企业提高环境规制水平。(6)对收敛机制的进一步研究表明,出口学习效应和进口技术溢出对行业环境规制强度变化的提升效应随着环境规制强度的提高而扩大,即两者对行业环境规制强度变化具有提升效应,但无促进其收敛的作用。扩大企业规模、提升市场化和对外开放水平,有利于提升企业应对环境规制的能力,并为下一阶段实施更为合理有效的环境规制政策提供支撑。
[Abstract]:Aiming at the difference of environmental regulation intensity in different industries. In this paper, convergence theory is used to study the convergence and divergence of industry environmental regulation intensity. Traditionally, the industry environmental regulation intensity expressed by unit cost or output pollution treatment cost may be biased. This paper uses Theil index and convergence test model to calculate the intensity of environmental regulation based on the pollution control cost per unit of pollution emissions. This paper analyzes the difference of environmental regulation intensity in 35 industrial industries in China from 2001 to 2015. Convergence property and Convergence Mechanism. The study found that the environmental regulation intensity and pollution intensity of some industries did not show the corresponding strong correlation. The difference of environmental regulation intensity of China's industrial industry shows the trend of "M" type change. The difference of environmental regulation intensity between pollution industry and clean industry showed an inverted "U" type trend of first divergence and then convergence.) Tyr index and its decomposition also showed that. There is a great difference in the intensity of environmental regulation among the sub-industries within the pollution industry. And it is the most important source of the difference of environmental regulation intensity of industrial industry. 4) the environmental regulation intensity of industrial industry has a long period of 蟽 convergence and a short time of club convergence at the same time. There is also absolute 尾 convergence and conditional 尾 convergence, that is, the low regulation industry is in line with the high regulation industry, and the environmental regulation intensity of different industries is close to their respective steady state level, in addition. The convergence rate of environmental regulation intensity in pollution industry is slower than that in clean industry. (5) the growth of enterprise scale and the promotion of market-oriented level will promote the improvement of environmental regulation level. Further research on the convergence mechanism shows that. The effects of export learning and import technology spillover on the trade environmental regulation intensity increase with the increase of the environmental regulation intensity, that is to say, both of them have the enhancement effect on the industry environmental regulation intensity change. But it has no effect of promoting its convergence. Expanding the scale of enterprises, improving the level of marketization and opening to the outside world will help to enhance the ability of enterprises to deal with environmental regulation. And provide support for the implementation of more reasonable and effective environmental regulation policy in the next stage.
【作者单位】：中南财经政法大学经济学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金项目“供给侧结构性改革背景下制造业出口质量提升对经济波动的影响”(批准号:17BJL013),“碳生产率变动对制造业出口质量演进的影响研究”(批准号:14BJL058) 中南财经政法大学研究生教育创新基金专项资助项目“创业、创新与出口增长”(批准号:2015BZ0301)
【分类号】：F424;X322
【正文快照】： “波特假说”和“污染避难所假说”提出以来,学术界着重关注环境规制政策和标准引致的经济社会效应,包括技术进步效应[1-2]、全要素生产率效应[3-4]、贸易效应[5-7]、产业结构效应[8]、就业效应[9],从各角度检验环境规制产生的正负影响及其机制。但随着我国向工业化中后期阶段

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