珠三角某高校室内灰尘重金属含量水平、来源及其健康风险评价

发布时间：2018-01-15 12:25

本文关键词：珠三角某高校室内灰尘重金属含量水平、来源及其健康风险评价　出处：《环境科学》2017年09期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：以佛山一高校为研究对象,采集教工区和学习区共30个样点的室内灰尘,测定灰尘中8种重金属As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb和Zn的含量,采用Spearman相关系数、主成分分析、美国EPA风险评价模型,探析了室内灰尘重金属污染程度、来源,并评估了重金属对人体可能的健康风险.结果表明,相对于广东省土壤背景值,室内灰尘8种重金属污染严重;与国内其他城市相比,室内灰尘金属含量处于较高水平,Hg除外;8种金属含量在教工区和学习区无显著性差异.室内灰尘8种金属存在相似的来源,Hg主要来源于室外人为源,其余金属主要来源于室内人为源.非致癌日均暴露量为手-口接触摄入量皮肤吸收量呼吸摄入量,手-口摄入是室内灰尘重金属暴露的主要途径;除个别样点Cr非致癌风险1、致癌风险值达10-6外,多数样点8种重金属非致癌风险1,4种致癌重金属呼吸途径致癌风险未达10-6,对人体不会造成健康危害.打印机/复印机、仪器设备等是室内重金属的重要污染源和风险源,应采取一定的防护措施降低人体暴露风险.
[Abstract]:Taking a university in Foshan as the research object, the indoor dust collected from 30 sample sites in the teaching and learning areas was used to determine the contents of Pb and Zn in 8 kinds of heavy metals in the dust. Spearman correlation coefficient, principal component analysis and EPA risk assessment model were used to analyze the degree and source of heavy metal pollution in indoor dust. The health risk of heavy metals to human body was evaluated. The results showed that compared with the soil background value of Guangdong Province, 8 heavy metals in indoor dust were seriously polluted. Compared with other cities in China, the metal content of indoor dust is at a higher level except Hg; There was no significant difference in the contents of 8 metals between the teaching and learning areas, and the 8 metals in indoor dust had similar sources, such as Hg, mainly from outdoor anthropogenic sources. The other metals were mainly from indoor anthropogenic sources. The daily non-carcinogenic exposure was hand-mouth contact intake, skin absorption, respiration intake, and hand-mouth intake was the main way of exposure to heavy metals in indoor dust. Except for Cr non-carcinogenic risk 1 and carcinogenic risk value of 10-6 in individual sample sites, the carcinogenic risk of respiratory pathway of four carcinogenic heavy metals in most of the sample sites was not up to 10-6 except for 8 kinds of heavy metal non-carcinogenic risks. Printers / photocopiers and equipment are important sources of pollution and risk for heavy metals in the room. Some protective measures should be taken to reduce the risk of human exposure.
【作者单位】：广东环境保护工程职业学院;中国科学院广州地球化学研究所有机地球化学国家重点实验室广东省环境资源利用与保护重点实验室;
【基金】：广东省自然科学基金项目(2016A030313758) 广东省科技计划项目(2014B030301060) 广东省高等学校优秀青年教师培养计划项目(YQ2015203) 广东省高等职业教育品牌专业建设项目(2016gzpp036) 广东环境保护工程职业学院院长基金项目(KY201302003)
【分类号】：X513;X823
【正文快照】： 环境资源利用与保护重点实验室,广州510640)重金属是环境中普遍存在的一类污染物,具有难降解性、持久性、可累积性等特点,绝大多数重金属具有致癌或潜在致癌作用[1,2].As是公认的致癌物[3],Cd、Ni具有较强的致癌性[4,5].Cu、Zn是人体必须的微量元素,但过量摄入也会对人体肝、

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