徒骇河流域水环境现状评价及管理模式优化

发布时间：2018-01-16 08:19

本文关键词：徒骇河流域水环境现状评价及管理模式优化　出处：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：水环境质量评价是了解水环境质量的现状的基础,能够确定水环境质量的主要污染因子及污染来源。水环境质量管理评价能够全面掌握流域水环境管理现状水平及水环境管理水平的年际变化特征。两者结合,有利于有针对性制定改善水环境质量的管理方案和对策,提出水环境质量优化管理模式,控制和改善流域水环境质量。本文以徒骇河流域聊城段水环境为研究对象,对流域水环境质量评价进行评价并建立了流域水环境管理水平评价体系,针对水环境管理存在的问题,提出了流域水环境管理模式优化,研究内容如下:(1)对徒骇河流域聊城段2015年水环境质量进行评价。构建了基于熵权法和超标倍数法赋权重的模糊数学水质评价方法,对徒骇河聊城段9个监测断面的水环境污染现状进行模糊评价,确定5个评价因子分别是溶解氧(DO)、化学需氧量(COD)、氨氮(NH3-N)、总磷(TP)、氟化物(F-),得出的各断面水污染特征,提出徒骇河流域聊城段的主要污染物为化学需氧量(COD)、氨氮。(2)构建徒骇河流域聊城段水环境管理评价指标体系。评价体系选取流域水资源量管理、流域水环境控制管理、流域社会经济状况、流域生态建设管理、流域管理属性5个准则层共30个评价指标。利用熵权法确定30个评价指标的权重值,利用评价模型法对2010年至2015年徒骇河流域水环境管理水平进行综合评价。评价结果显示:2015年5个准则层中,流域政府管理历年排名第一,流域生态建设管理排名第二,流域水环境控制管理排名第三,流域社会经济排名第四,流域水资源管理的管理水平排名第六,公众参与排名第五。2010年至2015年,徒骇河流域聊城段水环境管理水平逐年提高,但流域水资源管理水平略有下降,可通过推行节约用水、加强污水治理、提高流域工业用水及农业灌溉效率增加流域可用水资源量;流域水资源控制管理水平2011年最低,2011年至2015年呈上升趋势,表明流域实施《流域重点污染源控制十二五规划》后,化学需氧量、氨氮等污染物的排放量得到了一定的控制,流域新增污染治理项目有较高的执行率,污染控制水平不断提升;流域社会经济水平逐年上升,与流域经济不断发展的实际相符;流域生态环境建设管理水平及流域政府管理水平不断上升。(3)提出水环境管理模式优化。针对徒骇河流域水环境管理存在的问题,从完善管理体制、健全法律体系、加强水价、水权、生态补偿制度等市场经济手段以及加强企业、社区、非政府组织及所有公民参与等方面提出流域水环境管理优化模式。通过本论文的研究,提出了基于熵权法和超标倍数法赋权重的模糊数学水环境质量评价方法,构建了徒骇河流域水环境管理评价体系。为实现优化流域水环境管理模式提供了科学的方法和依据,保证了研究的科学性、客观性与准确性。从流域水环境质量及流域水环境管理存在的问题入手,有针对性的提出徒骇河流域水环境管理模式优化的具体措施,有利于提高流域水环境质量和流域水环境管理水平,更有利于促进徒骇河流域整体环境质量的提升。
[Abstract]:Water quality evaluation is the basis to understand the current situation of water environmental quality, water quality of the environment to determine the main pollution factors and pollution sources. The water environment quality management evaluation can fully grasp the characteristics of interannual variation of watershed situation of water environment management and water environment management level. The combination is beneficial to the development of management plans and Countermeasures to improve the quality of water environment, puts forward the optimization model of water environmental quality management, control and improve the quality of water environment. Based on the water environment of Liaocheng section of Tuhai River Basin as the research object, to evaluate the water environmental quality assessment and the establishment of the evaluation system of river basin water environment management, aiming at the existing problems of water environment management, put forward the basin water environmental management model optimization. The research contents are as follows: (1) to evaluate the Liaocheng section of the Tuhai River Basin in 2015, the water quality of the environment is constructed based on entropy. Water quality evaluation method of fuzzy mathematics method and multiple method to weight exceed the standard, current situation of water pollution in Liaocheng section of the Tuhai River 9 monitoring sections of fuzzy evaluation, determine the 5 evaluation factors are dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), total phosphorus (TP). Fluoride (F-), each section of the water pollution characteristics, puts forward the main pollutants of Tuhai River Basin in Liaocheng section of the chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen (2). The construction and the Liaocheng section of the Tuhai River Basin water environment management evaluation index system. The evaluation system of selection of river basin water resources management, environmental management of watershed control water, social economic situation of river basin, river basin ecological construction management, watershed management attribute 5 criteria layer 30 evaluation indices. To determine the weight value of 30 evaluation indexes by using entropy method, the evaluation model of comprehensive evaluation method for the 2010 to 2015 the Tuhai River Basin water environment management level Price. The evaluation results show that the 2015 5 rule layer, in government management over the years ranked first, ecological construction management ranked second, the basin water environment control management ranked third, ranked fourth in the social economy in the basin, basin water resources management level ranked sixth, public participation ranked fifth.2010 to 2015, the level of water environment management Liaocheng Hai River Basin and increased year by year, but the level of management of river basin water resources decreased slightly, can promote water saving, strengthening sewage treatment, industrial water and agricultural irrigation basin to improve the efficiency of flow domain increased the amount of available water resources; water resources management level are the lowest in 2011, 2011 and 2015 showed an upward trend, that the implementation of key river basin pollution control basin planning 12th Five-Year < >, COD, ammonia emissions and other pollutants under control, the new pollution control area The project has high execution rate, pollution control and improve the level of social economy; the level of watershed increased year by year, consistent with the actual river basin economic development; ecological environment construction management level of the government management level and the river rise. (3) proposed the water environment management mode optimization. Aiming at the existing water environment management of Tuhai River basin the problem, from the perfect management system, perfecting the legal system, strengthen the price of water, water rights, ecological compensation system and other means of market economy and strengthen enterprises, communities, non-governmental organizations and all citizens to participate in the basin water environment management optimization model. Through the Research of this paper, put forward the fuzzy evaluation of water environment quality weighted entropy method and exceed the standard multiple method Fu method based on construction of water environment management and evaluation system of Tuhai River Basin. Provided the scientific party to achieve optimization of river basin water environmental management model Method and basis to ensure the scientific research, objectivity and accuracy. Starting from the existing river basin water environment management and river basin water environment quality problems, puts forward concrete measures of Tuhai River Basin water environment management mode of optimization, is conducive to the improvement of water environment quality and the water environment management level, more to promote the overall environmental quality of Tuhai River Basin.

【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X824

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