法律环境影响评价制度研究

发布时间：2018-01-17 19:07

本文关键词：法律环境影响评价制度研究　出处：《西北农林科技大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：当今世界环境污染日益严重,世界各国对环境问题越发重视,如何有效避免人类活动对环境产生的不利影响已成为亟待解决的关键问题。在这样的研究背景下,出现了环境影响评价制度。战略环境影响评价制度是当前学术界争论的热点问题,法律环境影响评价制度作为战略环境影响评价制度中的重要内容,能够将法律对环境的不利影响降至最低。为了进一步完善我国的环境影响评价制度理论,更好促进战略环境影响评价的有效落实,基于我国社会发展、环境保护和法治建设的需要,对我国法律环境影响评价制度进行了讨论。根据环境污染累积效应理论、污染预防理论、可持续发展理论和系统理论,采用文献研究法、比较研究法和规范分析法,对环境影响评价的对象选择制度、法律环境影响评价制度构建的理论基础、中国法律环境影响评价制度构建的可行性分析、中国法律环境影响评价制度构建的设想等具体问题进行了研究,研究将有助于我国环境影响评价制度体系的完善。研究环境影响评价对象选择制度认为:环境影响评价对象选择应遵循“源头治理”的指导思想;遵循“对象选择与社会经济发展水平相一致、有效预防污染和可行性”的基本原则;环境影响评价对象选择的依据包括环境影响性、评价可行性和评价有效性;目前中国环境影响评价对象存在范围不全面、缺乏层次性等问题;中国法律环境影响评价制度的理论基础包括环境污染累积效应理论、污染预防理论、可持续发展理论和系统理论四个方面;根据理论基础和现实需要,认为目前中国应该将法律纳入环境影响评价对象范围,中国将法律纳入环境影响评价对象范围是必要的。在此基础之上,讨论了中国法律环境影响评价制度的理论研究情况、实践探索情况和法律环境影响评价制度的国际经验,认为在中国构建法律环境影响评价制度具备可行性。研究讨论了法律环境影响评价制度构建的问题,认为中国法律环境影响评价制度的基本原则包括全局性与整体性原则、目的性与针对性原则、动态性与反复性原则,中国法律环境影响评价制度的价值取向包括宏观性、指导性、完善性和持续性,中国法律环境影响评价制度的评价主体包括行政机关、环境影响评价机构、社会组织和专家学者,同时讨论了中国法律环境影响评价制度的对象制度和评价环节问题,认为中国的法律环境影响评价制度应梯度推进,逐步实现中国法律环境影响评价制度构建的设想。
[Abstract]:In today's world of increasingly serious environmental pollution, all countries in the world pay more attention to environmental problems, how to avoid the negative effects of human activities on the environment has become a key problem to be solved. In this background, the environmental impact assessment system. The system of strategic environmental impact assessment is a hot issue in current academic circles, legal environment the strategic impact assessment system as an important part of environmental impact assessment system, to the adverse effects on the environment law to a minimum. In order to further improve our country's environmental impact assessment system theory, promote the effective implementation of strategic environmental impact assessment, the development of our society is based on the needs of environmental protection and the construction of the rule of law in China the legal system of environmental impact assessment are discussed. According to the theory of the cumulative effect of environmental pollution, pollution prevention and sustainable development theory. Theory and system theory, using the method of literature research, comparative analysis and normative analysis, the environmental impact assessment of the object selection system, the theoretical basis and evaluation system construction of legal environment, feasibility analysis of constructing the legal system of environmental impact assessment Chinese, assumption of specific issues such as construction Chinese legal system of environmental impact assessment is studied. Our study will contribute to the improvement of environmental impact assessment system. Study on environmental impact assessment system of object selection that the object of environment impact assessment selection guidelines should follow the "source control"; follow the "consistent object selection and the level of social and economic development, the basic principles of effective prevention of pollution and environmental impact on feasibility"; the choice of the evaluation target including the environmental impact assessment, feasibility and effectiveness evaluation; the existence range currently affecting the environment evaluation object China Is not comprehensive, lack of hierarchy, Chinese; law of environmental impact assessment system based on the theory of environmental pollution accumulation theory, pollution prevention theory, sustainable development theory and system theory in four aspects; according to the need of theory and reality, that the current Chinese should bring into law of environmental impact assessment of the scope of object, it is necessary to Chinese the law included in the environmental impact assessment scope. On this basis, the influence of Chinese legal environment evaluation system theory research are discussed, and the legal practice of environmental impact assessment system of international experience, think that the construction of legal system of environmental impact assessment in Chinese feasible. Study discussed the construction of legal system of environmental impact assessment of the problem, that Chinese the legal system of environmental impact assessment of the basic principles including global and holistic principle, purpose and aim The principle of dynamic and repetitive principle, China law of environmental impact assessment system including the value orientation of macroeconomic, guiding, perfect and sustained, Chinese legal system of environmental impact assessment evaluation subjects include the administrative organs, the environmental impact assessment agencies, social organizations and experts, while the impact of China object system and legal environment the evaluation of the evaluation system of problems discussed, that the evaluation system should Chinese legal environment influence gradient advancement, gradually realize the idea of constructing the legal system of environmental impact assessment Chinese.

【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.68

【相似文献】