经济增长和环境规制对雾霾的区际影响差异

发布时间：2018-01-19 19:06

本文关键词： 雾霾经济增长环境规制引力空间权重矩阵区际差异　出处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2017年09期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：为探究不同省级区域雾霾、经济增长和环境规制之间的空间关联效应,本文提出针对雾霾的引力模型空间权重矩阵,并利用该矩阵建立了空间杜宾模型,分别对全国、西部、中部和东部省区的面板数据进行了空间计量检验。实证结果显示:全国雾霾的莫兰指数值显著,且取值介于0.367—0.460之间;雾霾"重心"呈现先向东南再向西北移动的趋势,移动距离为76 557 m;雾霾的莫兰指数值为东部省区最大,西部省区最小,中部省区介于二者之间。全国的雾霾与经济增长之间呈显著的"U"型曲线,而西部、中部和东部省区则呈倒"U"型曲线,其中中部省区的曲线最为陡峭,西部省区次之,东部省区最为平缓。环境规制每增加1%,只有西部和东部的雾霾相应减少,且各自相应下降0.009和0.010个百分点。西部和东部经济增长的溢出效应均显著,而环境规制的溢出效应不显著。研究结果表明:(1)雾霾在空间上表现出集聚的特点,全国和三个区域的雾霾都存在显著的正向空间溢出效应,这种空间依赖性在时间维度上大致呈加强的趋势;雾霾的空间相关性表现为东部省区最强,西部省区紧随其后,中部省区最低。(2)西部和东部省区部分省市还未过拐点,全国意义上的环境库茨涅兹假说是不存在的,或者是至少还未出现。(3)西部和东部环境规制效果较为理想,而中部省区的环境规制效果不佳;从全国总体来看,当前的环境规制整体上对雾霾并未起到有效的抑制作用。(4)东西部省区和中部省区经济增长对雾霾溢出效应分别表现为正向和反向;环境规制对雾霾的溢出效应并不显著。建议加强对雾霾的区域协同治理,重点推进西部和东部省区经济结构的转型升级,调整和完善西部、中部和东部省区的环境规制政策。
[Abstract]:In order to explore the spatial correlation effect between haze, economic growth and environmental regulation in different provincial regions, this paper proposes a spatial weight matrix of gravity model for haze, and establishes a spatial Doberbin model by using the matrix. The panel data of national, western, central and eastern provinces are tested by spatial measurement. The empirical results show that the Moran index of national haze is significant, and the value is between 0.367-0.460; The "center of gravity" of haze showed a tendency of moving first to southeast and then to northwest, with a distance of 76 557 m. The Moran index of haze is the largest in the eastern province, the smallest in the western province, and the middle province is between the two. There is a significant "U" curve between haze and economic growth in the whole country, while in the west. The central and eastern provinces show the inverted "U" curve, in which the curve of the central province is steepest, the western province is the second, and the eastern province is the most gentle. Each increase of environmental regulation is 1%. Only in the west and east, the haze decreased by 0. 009 and 0. 010 percentage points respectively. The spillover effect of economic growth in the west and east was significant. However, the spillover effect of environmental regulation is not significant. The results show that haze has the characteristics of agglomeration in space, and there are significant positive spatial spillover effects of haze in the whole country and three regions. This spatial dependence tends to be strengthened in time dimension; The spatial correlation of haze was the strongest in the eastern province, followed by the western province, and the lowest in the central province. In the national sense, the environmental Kuznets hypothesis does not exist, or at least it has not appeared yet) the environmental regulation effect in the west and east of China is ideal, but the environmental regulation effect in the central province is not good. On the whole, the current environmental regulation does not play an effective role in inhibiting haze. (4) the spillover effect of the economic growth of the eastern and western provinces and central provinces on haze is positive and reverse, respectively; The spillover effect of environmental regulation on haze is not significant. It is suggested to strengthen the regional cooperative governance of haze, to promote the transformation and upgrading of the economic structure of the western and eastern provinces, and to adjust and perfect the western region. The environmental regulation policy of the central and eastern provinces.
【作者单位】：中国矿业大学(徐州)管理学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目“农村居民能源消费行为及节能引导政策研究——以山东省农村居民为例”(批准号:71403266) 中国博士后特别资助项目“雾霾污染的空间溢出效应及省级区域协同控制机制研究”(批准号:2016T90517) 江苏自然科学基金青年项目“长三角区域雾霾的空间溢出效应及协同控制机制研究”(批准号:BK20160246)
【分类号】：X22;X513
【正文快照】： 近年来中国大多数城市和省区都面临着不同程度的雾霾,不仅严重危害着人们的日常生活和健康,也直接和间接地引起了巨大的经济损失[1]。针对日益严峻的雾霾现状,国家相继出台了许多有关大气防治的法律、法规和政策,加大了对工业企业违规行为的监管和处罚力度。尤其2016年底出现

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