低流量及专线列车噪声评价方法、预测模式和治理研究

发布时间：2018-01-22 06:49

本文关键词： 低流量列车铁路专用线标准评价量预测模式治理方法　出处：《合肥工业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：低流量及专线列车的一系列噪声问题目前国内外都没有明确的文件内容,类比铁路噪声的一系列问题,本文主要从标准、评价量、预测模式和治理四个方面对低流量及专线列车噪声问题进行研究,并得到如下结论。1执行标准,从流量划分每小时6列以下为低流量及专线列车流量范围,参考欧盟各国、美日等国的标准的制定过程、制定考虑因素及标准值,总结出一系列的研究方法和考虑因素,并给出适合我国的分区、分年限和分列车类型标准值表,且指出今后我国低流量及专线列车标准建立的应考虑相应必要的因素。2噪声评价量,综合分析了美国的最大A声级、我国的等效A声级、欧洲部分国的评价声级Lr和铁路联盟的噪声暴露级等评价量的优缺点,提出用暴露级结合Lr的评价方法,且与瑞士Lr进行计算分析比较,并结合实际监测验证,得到普货、新货、160旅客三种列车误差百分比分别2.7%、3.5%、3.35%,证明本方法对低流量及专线列车的合理性。3预测模式,对比分析修正德国Schall03预测模式和国内导则模式法两种方法的优缺点,并进行试验验证,测量列车通过时的等效A声级,与修正德国Schall03和模式法计算得到的预测值相比较,结果误差德国法最大4.39%,最小0%,模式法最大10.76%,最小3.36%,得出修正德国Schall03误差比模式法小,预测低流量及专线列车噪声结果更为准确。4治理方法,参考欧洲德国、美国和日本等国对铁路噪声的法规条文,从管理方面建议应加大执法力度。从技术方面声源处的降速结合其余两种常规方式的噪声治理,声源处减速降噪约14.94%,加装声屏障降噪10.53%,隔声窗留有余量,可降噪15dB,基于跟驰模型验证声源处降速减噪措施的可行性,三管齐下,即可使噪声得到治理。研究结果可为低流量及专线铁路噪声监测评价和预测控制提供依据。
[Abstract]:A series of noise problems of low flow and special line trains are not clearly documented at home and abroad at present. This paper mainly from the standard, evaluation quantity, analogy to a series of problems of railway noise. This paper studies the problem of low flow rate and special line train noise in four aspects of forecasting mode and governance, and obtains the following conclusion: 1. According to the implementation standard, the low flow rate and the special line train flow range are divided into six trains per hour and below from the flow rate. Referring to the process of making standards in European Union, America and Japan, the author makes a series of research methods and factors, and gives the suitable areas for our country. It is pointed out that the necessary factor of noise evaluation should be taken into account in the establishment of the standard of low flow and special line trains in China in the future. The maximum A sound level in the United States is analyzed synthetically. The advantages and disadvantages of the equivalent A sound level in our country, the evaluation of the sound level Lr in some European countries and the noise exposure level of the railway union are discussed. The evaluation method of combining the exposure level with Lr is put forward. And compared with Swiss Lr, combined with the actual monitoring and verification, get the new cargo, new cargo 160 passenger three kinds of train error percentage of 2.73.5and 3.35% respectively. It is proved that this method is reasonable for the low flow and special line trains. The advantages and disadvantages of the modified German Schall03 forecasting model and the domestic guide mode method are compared and verified by experiments. Compared with the predicted value calculated by modified German Schall03 and mode method, the result of measuring the equivalent A sound level of the train passing through is that the maximum error of the German method is 4.39 and the minimum is 0%. The model method has the maximum of 10.76 and the minimum of 3.36. It is concluded that the modified German Schall03 error is smaller than that of the mode method, and the result of predicting the low flow rate and the special line train noise is more accurate than that of the mode method. Referring to the regulations of Europe, Germany, the United States and Japan on railway noise, it is suggested that the law enforcement should be strengthened from the aspect of management, and the speed reduction of the sound source should be combined with the noise control of the other two conventional ways. The noise reduction at the sound source is about 14.94, and the noise reduction at the sound source is 10.53 by adding a sound barrier. The noise can be reduced by 15 dB in the sound isolation window. The feasibility of the noise reduction measures at the sound source is verified based on the following model. The research results can provide basis for monitoring, evaluation and predictive control of low discharge and special railway noise.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X827;U270.16

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