中国地下水砷健康风险评价

发布时间：2018-01-23 08:39

本文关键词： 地下水砷风险评价皮肤癌膀胱癌肺癌　出处：《中国环境科学》2017年09期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：以皮肤癌、膀胱癌、肺癌及联合毒性(膀胱癌和肺癌联合)为毒性终点,结合我国地下水砷浓度分布,评价了我国人群暴露于地下水砷的健康风险.研究表明我国各地地下水砷浓度几何均值为1.597~6.216μg/L,经面积校正后,全国地下水砷浓度几何均值为2.773μg/L.计算表明,我国男性人群日均暴露量几何均值为0.088μg/(kg bw·d),女性人群日均暴露量几何均值为0.093μg/(kg bw·d).基于此,全国男性由地下水中砷暴露带来的皮肤癌、肺癌、膀胱癌风险期望值分别为1.32×10~(-4),5.88×10~(-4)和9.83×10~(-4),男性膀胱癌和肺癌的联合风险期望值为1.48×10~(-3);全国女性由地下水中砷暴露引起的皮肤癌、肺癌和膀胱癌风险期望值分别为1.35×10~(-4),1.49×10~(-3)和9.42×10~(-4),女性膀胱癌和肺癌的联合风险期望值为2.31×10~(-3),女性风险均高于男性.大部分地区皮肤癌致癌风险在饮用水砷可接受风险水平10-4范围之内,而大部分肺癌、膀胱癌及其联合致癌风险值均超出了可接受风险水平.
[Abstract]:With skin cancer, bladder cancer, lung cancer and combined toxicity (combined with bladder cancer and lung cancer) as the toxic endpoint, combined with the groundwater arsenic concentration distribution in China. The health risk of groundwater arsenic exposure in Chinese population was evaluated. The results showed that the geometric mean of arsenic concentration in groundwater in China was 1.5970.216 渭 g / L, which was corrected by area correction. The geometric mean of groundwater arsenic concentration in China is 2.773 渭 g / L. The geometric mean of daily exposure of male population in China is 0.088 渭 g / kg BW 路d). The geometric mean daily exposure of female population was 0.093 渭 g / kg BW 路dl. Based on this, men in China caused skin cancer, lung cancer caused by arsenic exposure in groundwater. The expected risk values of bladder cancer were 1.32 脳 10 ~ (-4) and 9.83 脳 10 ~ (-4) respectively. The combined risk expectation of bladder cancer and lung cancer in men was 1.48 脳 10 ~ (-3). The expected risk of skin cancer, lung cancer and bladder cancer for women in China due to arsenic exposure in groundwater was 1.35 脳 10 ~ (-4), respectively. 1.49 脳 10 ~ (-3) and 9.42 脳 10 ~ (-4), the combined risk expectation of bladder cancer and lung cancer in women was 2.31 脳 10 ~ (-3). Women are at higher risk than men. Skin cancer carcinogenesis in most areas is within the range of 10-4 acceptable arsenic risk levels in drinking water, while most lung cancer. Both bladder cancer and its associated carcinogenic risk levels exceed acceptable risk levels.
【作者单位】：北京大学城市与环境学院地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室;
【基金】：保障饮用水安全的高通量毒性物质甄别技术(2016YFE0117800) 国家水专项(2014ZX07405001)
【分类号】：R123
【正文快照】： 砷在自然界中广泛存在,无机砷能导致皮肤癌、肝癌、肺癌及肾癌[1-6],目前已被世界卫生组织和美国环境署列为第一类致癌物质[7].地下水是人类砷暴露的重要途径[8],我国70%的人群以地下水作为饮用水源,三分之二的城市开采使用地下水[9].我国一些地区的地下水中砷污染情况较为严

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