河北滨海盐碱土地生态安全评价

发布时间：2018-01-26 00:16

本文关键词： 土地生态安全 P-S-R模型土地利用生态安全滨海盐碱地黄骅市　出处：《中国生态农业学报》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：滨海盐碱地盐渍化较严重,土地生态环境脆弱,了解滨海盐碱区的土地生态安全状态,探讨其驱动机制,可为滨海盐碱区土地结构调整与土地功能提升提供依据。本文以河北省黄骅市为研究区域,以土地利用类型为基础,设计了黄骅市土地利用生态安全(LUES)分级标准,计算得出研究时段内的LUES值,阐明了黄骅市土地利用生态安全状态并探寻起主要作用的关键土地利用类型。在此基础上,利用2000—2010年TM遥感影像数据和社会经济数据,借助Erdas、Arc GIS与Fragstats软件平台,选择了包括LUES在内16个指标,构建了黄骅市P-S-R土地生态安全评价模型,探讨了黄骅市土地生态安全状态。结果表明:(1)2000—2010年间,黄骅市LUES值为0.458~0.466,土地利用生态安全处于临界安全状态,应控制建设用地、盐场及重度盐碱地面积;(2)黄骅市土地利用生态安全提升主要得益于土壤盐渍化的降低,中、重度盐碱地面积减少及轻度盐碱地面积增加带来的生态正效应超过了建设用地面积增加带来的生态负效应,这是LUES提高的主要原因;(3)黄骅市土地生态安全指数(LESI)呈逐年上升趋势,安全状态由2000年的较不安全(LESI为0.431)提升至2010年的较安全(LESI为0.666)状态;(4)压力指数(P)在逐年减小,响应指数(R)在逐年增加,2010年响应指数对LESI贡献最大,其贡献率为45.3%,说明人为措施减小了土地生态风险。本研究结果可为黄骅市土地生态利用提供科学依据。
[Abstract]:The salinization of coastal saline-alkali land is more serious, and the ecological environment of land is fragile. Understand the status of land ecological security in coastal saline-alkali area, and discuss its driving mechanism. This paper takes Huanghua City of Hebei Province as the research area and takes the land use type as the foundation. The classification standard of ecological safety of land use in Huanghua was designed and the LUES value of the study period was calculated. The ecological security state of land use in Huanghua city was expounded and the key land use types were explored. On the basis of this, the TM remote sensing image data and socio-economic data from 2000 to 2010 were used. With the help of Erdasan Arc GIS and Fragstats software platform, 16 indexes, including LUES, are selected to construct the land ecological security evaluation model of P-S-R in Huanghua. The state of land ecological security in Huanghua City was discussed. The results showed that the LUES value of Huanghua City was 0.466 from 2000 to 2010. The land use ecological security is in the critical safe state, should control the construction land, the salt field and the heavy salt alkali land area; 2) the improvement of ecological security of land use in Huanghua is mainly due to the decrease of soil salinization. The ecological positive effect caused by the decrease of severe saline-alkali land area and the increase of light saline-alkali land area is more than the ecological negative effect caused by the increase of construction land area, which is the main reason for the increase of LUES. (3) the land ecological security index (LESII) of Huanghua is increasing year by year. The safe state was increased from the less safe LESI (0.431) in 2000 to the safer LESI (0.666) in 2010. (4) the pressure index (P) decreased year by year, and the response index (R) increased year by year. In 2010, the response index contributed the most to LESI with a contribution rate of 45.3%. The results of this study can provide scientific basis for land ecological utilization in Huanghua.
【作者单位】：河北地质大学;中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所;中国地质大学(北京);
【基金】：石家庄市科学技术研究与发展计划项目(165790095A) 河北省社科基金项目(HB15YJ020,HB15YJ025)资助~~
【分类号】：S156.4;X826
【正文快照】： 生态安全问题的提出,最早源于20世纪80年代,我国生态安全问题的提出基本始于20世纪90年代后期,主要强调生态系统的可持续性[1]。国外生态安全研究主要集中在生态健康、基因工程生物的生态安全、生态入侵风险、环境污染风险、食品安全等方面,侧重从不同角度探讨生态安全问题,关

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