海洋石油降解菌深海弯曲菌的种类多样性及地理分布特征分析

发布时间：2018-01-26 06:56

本文关键词： 海洋生物学深海弯曲菌种类多样性地理分布特征表层海水石油烃生物降解　出处：《应用海洋学学报》2017年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：深海弯曲菌(Thalassolituus)是一类海洋专属的石油降解菌.为认识其多样性与地理分布、获取石油降解菌资源,本研究对西太平洋和厦门近海的表层海水分别通过石油烃富集和直接涂布石油烃平板,对获取的菌株进行了分离鉴定.在此基础上,对Gen Bank数据库中该属的可培养和未培养菌株信息,进行了系统进化与物种多样性分析.结果表明,从西太富集菌群分离得到的32个菌株中,主要优势菌为假单孢菌(Pseudomonas)和海杆菌(Marinobacter);其次是食烷菌(Alcanivorax)和弧菌(Vibrio).深海弯曲菌仅有2株,但它们代表1个潜在的新种,它们与模式菌株T.marinus IMCC1826T的同源性仅为96.9%和97.0%.从厦门表层海水中分离到1株深海弯曲菌,与模式菌株T.marinus IMCC1826T的相似度为99.66%.基于本研究分离菌株及Gen Bank可培养及未培养菌株的16S rRNA基因序列开展的系统发育分析表明,该属存在3个明显的进化分支,即2个模式种T.oleivorans与T.marinus分别代表的2个分支和1个独立分支;此外,不同分支呈现明显的地理分布特征,即来自同一纬度范围的菌株或序列多聚类于同一分支中.我们推测,深海弯曲菌在进化过程中,可能因适应不同纬度海域的温度等环境因子,逐步进化出3个不同环境适应性的分支.本研究加深了对深海弯曲菌在不同温度海洋环境中种类多样性分布特征的认识,为海洋石油污染生物修复提供了新资源.
[Abstract]:Thalassolituus (Thalassolituus) is a kind of marine exclusive petroleum degrading bacteria. In order to understand its diversity and geographical distribution, oil degrading bacteria resources are obtained. In this study, the obtained strains were isolated and identified by petroleum hydrocarbon enrichment and direct coating on the surface water of the western Pacific and Xiamen coastal waters, respectively. The phylogeny and species diversity of culturable and uncultured strains in Gen Bank database were analyzed. The results showed that 32 strains were isolated from Xidai enriched flora. The main dominant bacteria were Pseudomonas pseudomonas and Marinobacterus marinobacterus. Alcanivorax) and Vibrio vibrio. There are only two strains of campylobacter in the deep sea, but they represent a potential new species. Their homology with the model strain T.marinus IMCC1826T was only 96.9% and 97.0.A strain of Campylobacter sinensis was isolated from the surface water of Xiamen. The similarity with the model strain T.marinus IMCC1826T is 99.66.The 16s of the culturable and uncultured strains of Gen Bank and the isolated strain based on this study. Phylogenetic analysis of rRNA gene sequence showed that. There are three distinct evolutionary branches in the genus T. oleivorans and T. marinus respectively. In addition, different branches show obvious geographical distribution, that is, strains or sequences from the same latitude range are clustered in the same branch. We speculate that the deep-sea campylobacter is evolving in the process of evolution. May be adapted to different latitude of the sea temperature and other environmental factors. Three branches of environmental adaptability were gradually evolved. This study deepened the understanding of the distribution characteristics of species diversity of Campylobacter sinensis in marine environments at different temperatures. It provides new resources for bioremediation of marine oil pollution.
【作者单位】：宁波大学海洋学院;国家海洋局第三海洋研究所海洋生物遗传资源重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41206158) 中国大洋专项资助项目(DY135-15-R-01) 国家微生物资源平台资助项目(NIMR-2017-9)
【分类号】：X172
【正文快照】： (1.宁波大学海洋学院,浙江宁波315211;2.国家海洋局第三海洋研究所、海洋生物遗传资源重点实验室,福建厦门361005)石油成份复杂,但主要由烷烃、环烷烃和芳香烃组成[1].在开采和转运过程中发生的溢油事件,会导致严重的环境污染,从而引起社会的极大关注,如2010年墨西哥湾溢油事

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