厦门湾流域河流氮污染综合溯源与水体达标策略

发布时间：2018-01-29 09:18

本文关键词： 氮污染溯源同位素分析水质管理海湾河流　出处：《环境科学学报》2017年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：全球变化背景下海岸带地区面临多种环境压力,快速城镇化和人类活动导致河流与海湾营养盐污染和富营养化问题加重,污染溯源是水体达标方案编制与实施的重要环节.兼顾科学性与操作性,本文基于综合溯源思路,以厦门湾河流为例,于水质较差的枯水期开展水系沿程梯度调查,进行氮的生物地球化学过程解析,结合硝酸盐氮氧双位素及土地利用统计分析,探明氮污染关键源区和氨氮超标成因.结果表明,研究区63%的站位水中氨氮占无机氮的50%以上,沿下游方向氨氮污染加重,且与城镇与农村宅基地、渔塘的面积占比均呈正相关.土壤氮、粪肥及污水和化肥贡献了硝酸盐89%~91%的来源.最后,提出了污染减排(控源)、生态修复(增容)、以海定陆(统筹)的水体达标策略,为我国水污染防治与管理提供方法示范.
[Abstract]:Under the background of global change, coastal zone is facing a variety of environmental pressures. Rapid urbanization and human activities lead to the increase of nutrient pollution and eutrophication in rivers and gulf. The traceability of pollution is an important link in the formulation and implementation of the water body's standard scheme. Taking the Xiamen Bay River as an example, both scientific and operational, based on the idea of comprehensive traceability, this paper takes the river of Xiamen Bay as an example. In the period of poor water quality, the gradient survey of water system was carried out, the biogeochemical process of nitrogen was analyzed, and the statistical analysis of nitrate nitrogen and oxygen disite and land use was carried out. The results showed that ammonia nitrogen accounted for more than 50% of inorganic nitrogen in the station water of the study area 63%, and the pollution of ammonia nitrogen increased along the downstream direction, and it was similar to the urban and rural homestead. Soil nitrogen, manure, sewage and fertilizer contributed 91% of the nitrate source. Finally, pollution reduction (source control, ecological remediation) was put forward. Based on the strategy of Haiding land (as a whole), the method of water pollution prevention and management in China is demonstrated.
【作者单位】：厦门大学环境与生态学院福建省海陆界面生态环境重点实验室;厦门大学海洋与地球学院近海海洋环境科学国家重点实验室;厦门市环境保护局海沧分局;
【基金】：国家重点研发计划(No.2016YFC0502901) 国家自然科学基金(No.41676098)~~
【分类号】：X52
【正文快照】： 1引言(Introduction)海陆界面是人口密集、经济活跃、对全球变化敏感的区域,特别是处于新型城镇化的海湾流域,面临农业集约化生产、人口快速增长、生态环境破坏、复合污染增加等多重压力.土地利用/覆被急剧变化和大量的营养盐流失进入水体,引起水质恶化和生物多样性降低(Weijt

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