公交车燃用不同比例生物柴油的颗粒物组分特性研究

发布时间：2018-02-04 18:08

本文关键词： 生物柴油颗粒物组分中国典型城市公交车循环可溶性有机物 PAHs毒性　出处：《中国环境科学》2017年09期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：以一辆国III柴油公交车为试验样车,在重型底盘测功机上运行中国典型城市公交车循环(CCBC),分析了该车分别燃用不同体积分数的生物柴油混合燃料的颗粒物组分排放特性.结果表明:颗粒物测得的可溶性有机组分(SOF)主要是脂肪酸和直链烷烃,藿烷和PAHs占比低于7%.生物柴油对各组分影响较大,随着生物柴油掺混比例增加,颗粒物EC减小而OC/EC增加,SOF总量也增加.其中脂肪酸的C18:2和C18:1明显增加,C12:0和C14下降,直链烷烃总量和藿烷各组分均下降;PAHs的质量集中在三,四环的中小分子量,毒性集中在四环及以上的中高分子量.使用生物柴油后,PAHs总量下降,其中Pyr,FL和PA下降较明显,而总PAHs毒性无明显变化.
[Abstract]:Taking a national III diesel bus as a pilot vehicle, a typical city bus cycle in China is operated on a heavy-duty chassis dynamometer. The emission characteristics of particulate fraction of biodiesel mixed fuel with different volume fraction were analyzed. The results showed that the soluble organic component (SOF) measured by particulate matter was mainly fatty acid and straight chain alkane. The fraction of cariane and PAHs was lower than 7. Biodiesel had a great effect on each component. With the increase of blending ratio of biodiesel, EC of particulate matter decreased and OC/EC increased. The total amount of SOF also increased. The contents of C 18: 2 and C 18: 1 of fatty acids increased significantly. The contents of C 12: 0 and C 14 decreased, and the total alkanes of straight chain and the components of hopane decreased. The mass of PAHs was concentrated in the small and medium molecular weight of three or four rings, and the toxicity was concentrated in the middle and high molecular weight of the fourth ring and above. The total amount of PAHs decreased after the use of biodiesel, including Pyr. FL and PA decreased significantly, while total PAHs toxicity did not change significantly.
【作者单位】：同济大学汽车学院;
【基金】：上海科委课题(16DZ1203000)
【分类号】：X513;X734.2
【正文快照】： 源解析表明北京市大气中的有机碳(OC)和元素碳(EC)主要来自机动车颗粒物[1],而占机动车总量14.1%的柴油车排放了超过90%的颗粒物[2].Liu等[3]研究发现柴油车颗粒物中OC+EC在不同负荷下所占比重为83%~93%,其余为非碳质组分.OC由未燃燃油,润滑油以及含氧有机物组成,包括具有致癌

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